Table 1.
The differences between “old” versus “new” bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Contents | Old (or classic) BPD | New BPD |
---|---|---|
Infants at risk | Moderately preterm infants | Extremely preterm infants |
Clinical characteristics | Presurfactant era | Postsurfactant era |
Prolonged invasive ventilation with high inspired oxygen | Gentle or noninvasive ventilation | |
Severe airway injury | Interfere with lung development | |
Pathological aspects | Interstitial and alveolar edema | Arrested acinar development |
Intense airway inflammation | Less prominent inflammation | |
Lung parenchymal fibrosis | Less fibrosis | |
Metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium | Alveolar hypoplasia with fewer and larger alveoli | |
Pulmonary artery smooth muscle hypertrophy | Abnormal and fewer vascular arteries growth | |
Radiologic findings | Cystic emphysema | Diffuse haziness |
Overinflated lung filed | Decreased lung field | |
Alveolar septal fibrosis |
BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia.