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. 2019 Sep 26;20(19):4771. doi: 10.3390/ijms20194771

Table 2.

Different types of photosensitisers and their application in different cancers.

Category Photosensitiser Wavelength Used Type of Cancer References
Tetrapyrrole structures Porphyrins 630 nm Hepatocellular cancer, leukaemia and nasopharyngeal carcinoma [21,39,40,41]
Chlorins 650–700 nm Colon, prostate, bronchial and oesophageal cancers [42,43,44]
Phthalocyanines 640–690 nm Cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions for many solid tumours including breast, cervical, melanoma, oesophageal and colon [45,46,47,48]
Bacteriochlorins 700–800 nm Colon [49]
Synthetic dyes Rose Bengal 530–540 nm Breast and oral [21,50]
Phenothiazinium salts 630–670 nm Fibrosarcoma [21,51]
Transition metal compounds Breast and gastrointestinal carcinomas [52]
BODIPY dye 530–540 nm 9 cancer cell lines in vitro and an ovarian cancer cell line in vivo using a murine peritoneal cancer model [21,53]
Natural products Hypericin 470–570 nm Breast cancer, ovarian cancer and colon cancer [54,55,56]
Riboflavin 310–700 nm Liver cancer, colorectal and cervical [57,58]
Curcumin 350–450 nm Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and breast [59,60]
Hypocrellins 532 nm Cervical and gastric [61]