| ATF4 | activating transcription factor 4 |
| BAT | brown adipose tissue |
| ChREBP | carbohydrate responsive binding protein |
| CNS | linear dichroism central nervous system |
| CREBH | cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-responsive element-binding protein H |
| Dio2 | type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase |
| eFGF | Endocrine FGFs |
| eIF2A | eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha |
| ERAD | endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation |
| FFA | free fatty acids |
| FAP | fibroblast activation protein |
| FASN | fatty acid synthase |
| FFA | free fatty acids |
| FGF21 | Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 |
| FGFR | Fibroblast growth factor tyrosine kinase receptor |
| FRS2a | FGFR substrate 2a |
| GCN2 | general control nonderepressible 2 |
| GPR120 | G protein-coupled receptor 120 |
| HCD | high carbohydrate diet |
| HDAC | histone deacetylase |
| HFD | high-fat diet |
| HNF4 | hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha |
| JMJD3 | Jumonji D3 |
| KD | ketogenic diet |
| KLB | beta-klotho |
| LCD | low carbohydrate diet |
| LPD | low-protein diet |
| LPHC | low-protein and high carbohydrate |
| NAFLD | nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NASH | nonalcoholic liver steatohepatitis |
| NUPR1 | liver-integrated stress response–driven nuclear protein 1 |
| PGC1a | peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma coactivator 1 alpha |
| PPARα | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha |
| PPARγ | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
| TBX1 | T-box transcription factor 1 |
| UCP1 | uncoupling protein 1 |
| WAT | white adipose tissue |