Table 1.
Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use patterns in seven samples in two separate regions.
| Community A | Community/Region B | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample 1 [1997] (n = 86) | Sample 2 [1999] (n = 211) | Sample 3 [2002] (n = 222) | Sample 4 [2008] (n = 303) | Sample 5 [2010] (n = 466) | Test-Score | p | Sample 1 [2009] (n = 670) | Sample 2 [2011] (n = 450) | Test-Score | p | ||||||||
| Current Alcohol Consumption | ||||||||||||||||||
| Drank in past 12 months (% Yes) | 58.1 | 53.0 | 41.6 | 48.2 | 56.0 | χ2 = 15.532 | 0.004 | 54.3 | 66.6 | χ2 = 14.902 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Drank in past 30 days (% Yes) | 58.1 | 50.9 | 28.4 | 38.5 | 41.6 | χ2 = 32.505 | <0.001 | 42.6 | 50.2 | χ2 = 6.348 | 0.012 | |||||||
| Drank in the past week (% Yes) | 58.1 | 34.5 | 22.3 | 32.5 | 30.0 | χ2 = 38.301 | <0.0001 | 34.1 | 38.7 | χ2 = 2.466 | 0.116 | |||||||
| Total # of drinks per week 1–Mean (SD) | 11.7 | (10.5) | 12.9 | (13.7) | 8.1 | (8.8) | 8.1 | (8.8) | 9.6 | (9.6) | F = 3.110 | 0.015 | 10.2 | (9.4) | 10.1 | (7.5) | t = 0.057 | 0.955 |
| # of drinking days per week 1 | 1.9 | (0.9) | 1.9 | (1.5) | 1.9 | (1.0) | 1.8 | (1.0) | 1.8 | (1.2) | F = 0.303 | 0.876 | 1.8 | (1.1) | 1.8 | (1.0) | t = 0.534 | 0.811 |
| Drinks per drinking Day1 (DDD) | 5.5 | (3.6) | 5.4 | (3.9) | 3.9 | (2.8) | 4.2 | (3.0) | 4.3 | (2.8) | F = 3.106 | 0.016 | 5.7 | (5.2) | 5.4 | (3.2) | t = 0.798 | 0.425 |
| # drinks consumed on (Friday–Sunday)1 | 11.3 | (10.4) | 11.9 | (11.5) | 8.1 | (8.7) | 8.5 | (9.1) | 9.1 | (8.7) | F = 0.801 | 0.525 | 11.3 | (18.4) | 10.1 | (7.3) | t = 1.643 | 0.101 |
| Beverage of choice (% Yes) 1,2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Beer | 54.0 | 78.4 | 81.6 | 71.6 | 79.1 | χ2 = 15.009 | 0.005 | 81.5 | 82.8 | χ2 = 0.106 | 0.744 | |||||||
| Fortified Wine | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 2.1 | 0.0 | χ2 = 8.955 | 0.062 | 2.2 | 4.6 | χ2 = 1.801 | 0.180 | |||||||
| Spirits | 0.0 | 4.1 | 6.1 | 16.8 | 8.8 | χ2 = 15.537 | 0.004 | 9.3 | 15.5 | χ2 = 3.670 | 0.055 | |||||||
| Wine | 8.0 | 36.5 | 53.1 | 29.5 | 32.4 | χ2 = 24.211 | <0.001 | 46.3 | 48.9 | χ2 = 0.266 | 0.606 | |||||||
| Combination | 38.0 | 1.4 | 4.1 | 2.1 | 1.4 | χ2 = 98.292 | <0.001 | 3.5 | 3.4 | χ2 = 0.002 | 0.967 | |||||||
| Past alcohol consumption | ||||||||||||||||||
| Drank during pregnancy (% Yes) | 74.4 | 41.4 | 48.4 | 49.9 | 58.1 | χ2 = 35.838 | <0.001 | 57.7 | 67.5 | χ2 = 11.376 | 0.001 | |||||||
| Tobacco and Other Drug Use | ||||||||||||||||||
| Used tobacco in lifetime | 75.6 | 46.9 | 63.0 | 70.3 | 63.4 | χ2 = 49.050 | <0.001 | 70.0 | 67.6 | χ2 = 0.782 | 0.377 | |||||||
| Use tobacco in past 30 days 3 | 83.1 | 83.2 | 77.0 | 91.1 | 79.7 | χ2 = 14.094 | 0.029 | 81.9 | 77.3 | χ2 = 2.347 | 0.126 | |||||||
| # of cigarettes per day–Mean (SD) | 9.8 | (7.7) | 5.1 | (5.2) | 4.7 | (3.7) | 5.8 | (5.0) | 6.4 | (4.9) | F = 8.536 | <0.001 | 4.9 | (4.2) | 8.8 | (12.5) | t = -4.279 | <0.001 |
| Used drugs–past year (% Yes) | -- | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.9 | χ2 = 4.548 | 0.208 | 0.6 | 1.5 | χ2 = 2.623 | 0.105 | |||||||
| Used drugs–pregnancy (% Yes) | -- | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.5 | χ2 = 4.787 | 0.310 | 1.0 | 2.8 | χ2 = 5.33 | 0.201 | |||||||
1 Includes only those who consumed alcohol in the previous 7 days. 2 Some respondents specified more than one beverage of choice. 3 Includes only those who have ever used tobacco in their lifetime. No post-hoc Dunnett C comparisons for Community A were significant at the 0.05 level. Bonferroni-adjusted significance values: whole table < 0.003; current alcohol consumption < 0.007; other sections < 0.005.