| CK | transgenic tobacco lines transformed with empty vector (control) |
| HPLC | high-performance liquid chromatography |
| ORF | open reading frame |
| OE-MaDFR | MaDFR overexpressed tobacco lines |
| GFP | green fluorescent protein |
| qRT-PCR | quantitative real-time PCR |
| Cy | cyaniding |
| Dp | delphinidin |
| Pg | pelargonidin |
| DHQ | dihydroquercetin |
| DHM | dihydromyricetin |
| LC-MS | liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| CHS | chalcone synthase |
| CHI | chalconeisomerase |
| F3H | flavanone 3-hydroxylase |
| F3′H | flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase |
| F3′5′H | flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxylase |
| DFR | dihydroflavonol 4-reductase |
| ANS | anthocyanidin synthase |
| UFGT | anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase |
| MYBs | MYB transcription factors |
| bHLHs | basic helix-loop-helix proteins |
| WDR | WD repeat protein |
| EBGs | early biosynthetic genes |
| LBGs | late biosynthetic genes |