| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| NER | nucleotide repair |
| BER | base excision repair |
| MMR | mismatch repair |
| HR | homologous recombination repair |
| NHEJ | non-homologous end joining |
| ER | endoplasmic reticulum |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| CAT | catalase |
| GSH-Px | glutathione peroxidase |
| GSH | glutathione |
| 8-OHdG | 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine |
| MNNG | N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine |
| MNU | N-methyl-N-nitrosourea |
| MMS | methyl methanesulfonate |
| MGMT | O6-Methylguanine DNA methyltransferase |
| FeKGDs | ALKBH α-ketoglutarate Fe(II) dioxygenases |
| NiS | nickel sulfide |
| DNMT1 | DNA methyltransferase 1 |
| OGG1 | 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase |
| APE1 | AP endonuclease |
| LIG1 | DNA ligase 1 |
| XRCC1 | X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 |
| Fpg | formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase |
| AlkA | 3-methyladenine-DNA glycosylase II |
| XP | xeroderma pigmentosum |
| ERCC1 | excision repair cross-complementation group 1 |
| PCNA | proliferating cell nuclear antigen |
| PARP | poly ADP-ribose polymerase |
| GADD45A | DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 alpha |
| MLH | mutL homolog |
| DSB | double-strand breaks |
| BRCA1 | breast cancer 1 |
| RAD51 | human homolog of S. cerevisiae RAD50 |
| f FANCD2 | anconi anemia group D2 protein |
| PALB2 | partner and localizer of BRCA2 |
| XRCC4 | X-ray repair cross complementing 4 |
| DNA-PK | DNA-dependent protein kinase |
| CHO | Chinese hamster ovary cells |