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. 2019 Oct 18;9:14947. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51351-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Statistical relationship between chemicals, flight parameters and labelling flies. Three-dimensional plot of the 3 first axes of the principal component analysis (PCA; type Pearson’s correlation matrix; with standardized values) using relevant flight parameters (upwind flight latency, flight duration, overall landing frequency), landing preference (labelled food vs. plain food = LF/PF) and the relative proportions of each hydrocarbon and cVA detected in the cuticular extract of labelling flies as variables and the “labelling” fly types as individuals. The 3^rd dimension (axis 3) is represented by the size of the symbols (circle, square, star). These three first PCA axes explain 84.5% of the total variation of our sample (axis 1 = 43.2%, axis 2 = 31.4%, axis 3 = 9.9%). Blue and pink filled circles represent male and female flight parameters, respectively. The star represents cVA, while empty circles represent the content of CHs carried by the labelling flies (red = monoenes; purple = dienes; blue = methyl-branched CHs; green = linear CHs). The fly lines used to label food are represented by empty black squares.