Table 5.
Full Multinomial Logistic Model for Those with Chronic Neck Pain
| Base condition: Goal of cure | Prevent pain from coming back | Prevent pain from getting worse | Ease pain or make it temporarily go away |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constant | 8.80 (0.6–136.7) | 1.35 (0.1–27.4) | 11.74 (1.4–101.9) |
| Characteristics of pain | |||
| Rating of neck pain past 7 days (0–10) | 0.82 (0.7–0.99) | 0.94 (0.8–1.1) | 0.99 (0.9–1.1) |
| Neck Disability Index score (0–100) | 0.98 (1.0–1.0) | 0.96 (0.9–0.99) | 1.00 (1.0–1.0) |
| Have both CLBP and CNP | 0.97 (0.6–1.6) | 1.10 (0.6–2.0) | 1.04 (0.7–1.6) |
| Years in pain (Ref: <1 year) | |||
| 1 to <2 Years | 0.49 (0.2–1.5) | 0.96 (0.2–5.6) | 0.55 (0.2–1.6) |
| 2 to <5 Years | 0.75 (0.3–1.7) | 2.22 (0.6–8.0) | 1.26 (0.6–2.7) |
| 5 to <10 Years | 0.85 (0.4–2.0) | 3.74 (1.04–13.4) | 2.72 (1.3–5.7) |
| 10+ Years | 1.19 (0.6–2.5) | 3.86 (1.2–12.7) | 3.33 (1.7–6.6) |
| Unknown | 0.00 (0.0) | 7.94 (1.3–47.4) | 2.96 (0.8–11.3) |
| Beliefs about their pain | |||
| What low-back pain would have been | 0.91 (0.8–1.05) | 1.00 (0.8–1.2) | 0.93 (0.8–1.1) |
| Believe their neck pain is chronic | 1.65 (0.96–2.8) | 2.00 (1.01–4.0) | 1.06 (0.7–1.6) |
| Chronic pain will never go away: Agree to strongly agree | 0.97 (0.5–1.8) | 2.11 (1.1–4.0) | 1.59 (0.99–2.6) |
| It is important to understand what causes my pain: Agree to strongly agree | 0.70 (0.2–2.8) | 0.27 (0.1–0.9) | 0.49 (0.2–1.4) |
| Appropriateness of medications (0–4) | 0.95 (0.7–1.3) | 0.99 (0.7–1.4) | 0.90 (0.7–1.2) |
| Belief in a medical cure (0–4) | 0.79 (0.6–1.1) | 0.57 (0.4–0.8) | 0.50 (0.4–0.6) |
| Treatment goals regarding mobility and flexibility (Ref: Expect complete return to original levels) | |||
| Expect my mobility/flexibility to improve soon after | 2.08 (1.2–3.6) | 2.60 (1.2–5.7) | 3.06 (1.9–4.9) |
| Expect to learn how to ensure they do not get worse | 2.81 (1.3–6.3) | 7.06 (2.8–17.5) | 3.51 (1.8–6.8) |
| My mobility and flexibility not affected by my pain | 0.32 (0.1–1.01) | 2.20 (0.8–6.1) | 1.84 (0.9–3.6) |
| Demographics | |||
| Average age in years | 0.99 (1.0–1.0) | 1.02 (1.0–1.0) | 0.99 (1.0–1.0) |
| Gender: Female | 0.64 (0.3–1.2) | 1.30 (0.6–2.8) | 0.76 (0.4–1.3) |
| Education: At least a 4-year degree | 0.99 (0.6–1.7) | 0.60 (0.3–1.1) | 1.04 (0.7–1.6) |
| Psychological variables | |||
| Pain management self-efficacy (0–10) | 0.95 (0.8–1.1) | 0.88 (0.7–1.1) | 0.97 (0.8–1.1) |
| Expect chiropractic very–extremely successful | 1.70 (0.8–3.6) | 0.89 (0.4–1.8) | 0.87 (0.5–1.5) |
| Expect a lot to quite a bit of improvement | 1.13 (0.6–2.0) | 0.83 (0.4–1.6) | 1.00 (0.6–1.6) |
| Worry about pain: Mod to all the time | 1.28 (0.5–3.4) | 1.32 (0.5–3.7) | 0.62 (0.3–1.3) |
| Catastrophizing (0–12 scale) | 0.93 (0.8–1.1) | 0.96 (0.8–1.2) | 0.99 (0.9–1.1) |
Bold highlights significant relationships.