Skip to main content
. 2019 Oct 3;6(2):e001082. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001082

Table 3.

Procedural variables and outcomes of TF-TAVI

Total
(n=196)
TAVI with BAV
(n=56)
TAVI without BAV
(n=140)
P value
n/N (%) or Median (IQR) n/N (%) or Median (IQR) n/N (%) or Median (IQR)
Anaesthesia 0.101
 General anaesthesia 149/196 (76.0) 47/56 (83.9) 102/140 (72.9)
 Conscious sedation 47/196 (24.0) 9/56 (16.1) 38/140 (27.1)
Size of balloon used for predilation n.a.
 20 mm 16/196 (8.2) 16/56 (28.6)
 22/23 mm 17/196 (8.7) 17/56 (30.4)
 24 mm 2/196 (1.0) 2/56 (3.6)
 26 mm 21/196 (10.7) 21/56 (37.5)
Size of implanted THV 0.316
 20 mm 1/196 (0.5) 1/56 (1.8) 0/140 (0)
 23 mm 64/196 (32.7) 20/56 (35.7) 44/140 (31.4)
 26 mm 68/196 (34.7) 13/56 (23.2) 55/140 (39.3)
 29 mm 63/196 (32.1) 22/56 (39.3) 41/140 (29.3)
Sizing vs native annulus 0.779
 Undersized 14/179 (7.8) 3/55 (5.5) 11/124 (8.9)
 Normal size 121/179 (67.6) 38/55 (69.1) 83/124 (66.9)
 Oversized 44/179 (24.6) 14/55 (25.5) 30/124 (24.2)
Requirement for balloon postdilation 39/196 (19.9) 17/56 (30.4) 22/140 (15.7) 0.029
Procedural duration (min) 65 (47/104) 90 (59/118) 56 (40/87) 0.001
Fluoroscopy time (min) 10.5 (8.0/14.0) 13.0 (10.0/16.0) 10.0 (7.0/12.0) 0.001
Contrast volume (ml) 125 (100/175) 131 (116/164) 120 (98/190) 0.240
Device success*† 189/196 (96.4) 52/56 (92.9) 137/140 (97.9) 0.104
 Absence of death 196/196 (100) 56/56 (100) 140/140 (100) n.a.
 Correct positioning 195/196 (99.5) 56/56 (100) 139/140 (99.3) 1.000
 Post-TAVI mean AV gradient ≤20 mm Hg 190/196 (96.9) 52/56 (92.9) 138/140 (98.6) 0.057
Paravalvular leakage 0.740
 Mild 26/196 (13.3) 8/56 (14.3) 18/140 (12.9)
 Moderate/severe 1/196 (0.5) 0/56 (0) 1/140 (0.7)
Mean AV gradient (mm Hg) 11.8±4.7 12.9±5.3 11.4±4.5 0.058
Procedural complications
 Access complications‡ 7/196 (3.6) 0/56 (0) 7/140 (5.0) 0.195
 Aortic root rupture 0/196 (0) 0/56 (0) 0/140 (0) n.a.
 Haemodynamic instability 3/196 (1.5) 2/56 (3.6) 1/140 (0.7) 0.197
 Catecholamine use 2/196 (1.0) 1/56 (1.8) 1/140 (0.7) 0.491
 Complete AV block with PPI 5/196 (2.6) 2/56 (3.6) 3/140 (2.1) 0.625
 Conversion to open surgery 0/196 (0) 0/56 (0) 0/140 (0) n.a.
 Device malfunction 0/196 (0) 0/56 (0) 0/140 (0) n.a.
 Need for second valve 1/196 (0.5) 0/56 (0) 1/140 (0.7) 1.000

*Defined according to VARC-2 as the absence of death, correct positioning of a single prosthetic heart valve and its intended performance.14

†Multiple reasons may apply.

‡Defined according to VARC-2 as dissection, aortic root rupture or uncontrolled bleeding.14

AV, aortic valve; BAV, balloon aortic valvuloplasty; n.a., not applicable; PPI, permanent pacemaker implantation; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation; THV, transcatheter heart valve; VARC-2, Valve Academic Research Consortium-2.