Table 3.
The predictors of all-cause mortality in univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses
| Univariate HR (95% CI) |
P value | Multivariate HR (95% CI) |
P value | |
| Age (year) | 1.04 (1.03 to 1.06) | <0.001 | 1.04 (1.02 to 1.06) | <0.01 |
| Male sex | 1.12 (0.79 to 1.60) | 0.528 | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.06) | 0.221 | ||
| Smoking | 1.44 (0.99 to 2.10) | 0.054 | 1.21 (0.79 to 1.86) | 0.384 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 0.99 (0.98 to 1.01) | 0.313 | ||
| Diabetes | 1.02 (0.68 to 1.51) | 0.933 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.31 (0.76 to 2.26) | 0.325 | ||
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 1.42 (0.93 to 2.15) | 0.103 | ||
| Coronary artery disease | 2.15 (1.49 to 3.10) | <0.001 | 1.76 (0.95 to 3.25) | 0.071 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.40 (0.87 to 2.24) | 0.165 | ||
| Chronic lung disease | 1.24 (0.76 to 2.03) | 0.384 | ||
| Overall PM or ICD | 1.12 (0.78 to 1.63) | 0.558 | ||
| Significant left-sided VHD | 1.03 (0.72 to 1.48) | 0.865 | ||
| Baseline TAPSE (1 mm lower) | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.02) | 0.410 | ||
| Reduced RV S′ | 1.67 (0.98 to 2.89) | 0.059 | 1.42 (0.76 to 2.66) | 0.272 |
| PH at baseline | 2.22 (1.46 to 3.37) | <0.001 | 2.22 (1.41 to 3.47) | 0.001 |
| Lower LVEF at baseline (%) | 0.99 (0.98 to 1.00) | 0.027 | 0.98 (0.97 to 0.99) | 0.009 |
| RV dysfunction at baseline | 0.99 (0.69 to 1.42) | 0.966 | ||
| TR grade (severe vs moderate) | 0.88 (0.62 to 1.27) | 0.501 | ||
| RV basal diameter (cm) | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.01) | 0.978 | ||
| Right atrium area (cm2) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.04) | 0.043 | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.04) | 0.078 |
| Mitral valve replacement | 0.51 (0.30 to 0.87) | 0.013 | 0.65 (0.37 to 1.16) | 0.147 |
| Aortic valve replacement | 1.11 (0.72 to 1.71) | 0.648 |
ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PH, pulmonary hypertension; PM, pacemaker; RV, right ventricle/ventricular; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion;TR, tricuspid regurgitation; VHD, valvular heart disease.