Table 4.
Associations between baseline characteristics of patients with NVAF (new users of a NOAC) and risk of discontinuation according to type of discontinuation
| Continuers (n=7997) versus discontinuers who reinitiated OAC therapy (n=2106) | Continuers (n=7997) versus discontinuers who switched OAC therapy (n=565) | Continuers (n=7997) versus discontinuers who did not reinitiate OAC therapy (n=813) | |
| Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Female | 0.89 (0.79 to 0.99) | 1.25 (1.03 to 1.53) | 0.90 (0.76 to 1.07) |
| Age (years) | |||
| <60 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 60–69 | 0.74 (0.62 to 0.90) | 0.95 (0.66 to 1.37) | 0.33 (0.26 to 0.43) |
| 70–79 | 0.74 (0.61 to 0.90) | 0.93 (0.63 to 1.36) | 0.27 (0.21 to 0.36) |
| ≥80 | 0.72 (0.58 to 0.89) | 0.68 (0.45 to 1.03) | 0.35 (0.26 to 0.48) |
| Index NOAC | |||
| Apixaban | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Dabigatran | 1.36 (1.16 to 1.60) | 4.28 (3.24 to 5.65) | 2.19 (1.72 to 2.79) |
| Rivaroxaban | 0.98 (0.87 to 1.09) | 1.89 (1.49 to 2.39) | 1.52 (1.26 to 1.83) |
| Year of first NOAC prescription | |||
| 2011–2013 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 2014–2016 | 0.90 (0.79 to 1.02) | 1.21 (0.97 to 1.50) | 0.82 (0.68 to 0.99) |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | |||
| >50 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 30–50 | 1.08 (0.93 to 1.26) | 1.23 (0.95 to 1.59) | 1.53 (1.22 to 1.91) |
| <30 | 1.51 (1.01 to 2.25) | 2.21 (1.20 to 4.08) | 2.25 (1.30 to 3.87) |
| Missing | 1.31 (1.13 to 1.51) | 1.28 (0.98 to 1.67) | 1.30 (1.05 to 1.62) |
| OAC-naïve status | |||
| Naïve | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Non-naïve | 1.08 (0.97 to 1.19) | 1.25 (1.04 to 1.50) | 0.74 (0.64 to 0.87) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| <20 | 0.98 (0.74 to 1.31) | 0.85 (0.50 to 1.44) | 1.26 (0.86 to 1.85) |
| 20–24 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 25–29 | 0.94 (0.82 to 1.07) | 1.01 (0.80 to 1.28) | 0.90 (0.74 to 1.09) |
| ≥30 | 0.89 (0.77 to 1.02) | 0.78 (0.61 to 1.00) | 0.67 (0.54 to 0.83) |
| Missing | 0.94 (0.70 to 1.25) | 0.99 (0.58 to 1.69) | 1.37 (0.94 to 2.01) |
| Smoking | |||
| Non-smoker | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Smoker | 0.99 (0.82 to 1.19) | 0.64 (0.43 to 0.96) | 0.83 (0.62 to 1.10) |
| Ex-smoker | 0.96 (0.86 to 1.07) | 1.08 (0.90 to 1.30) | 0.95 (0.81 to 1.12) |
| Missing | 2.47 (0.40 to 15.21) | – | 1.42 (0.11 to 18.04) |
| Alcohol (units/week) | |||
| None | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 1–9 | 1.03 (0.90 to 1.18) | 1.13 (0.89 to 1.43) | 0.87 (0.71 to 1.06) |
| 10–20 | 1.13 (0.95 to 1.33) | 0.92 (0.67 to 1.26) | 1.11 (0.86 to 1.43) |
| 21–41 | 1.19 (0.95 to 1.49) | 1.32 (0.89 to 1.96) | 0.85 (0.59 to 1.22) |
| ≥42 | 1.75 (1.30 to 2.35) | 1.10 (0.58 to 2.08) | 1.24 (0.77 to 1.99) |
| Missing | 1.12 (0.92 to 1.36) | 0.93 (0.65 to 1.34) | 0.77 (0.57 to 1.05) |
| Frailty index | |||
| Fit | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Mild frailty | 0.87 (0.75 to 1.01) | 0.91 (0.68 to 1.21) | 0.63 (0.51 to 0.78) |
| Moderate frailty | 1.05 (0.88 to 1.25) | 1.24 (0.90 to 1.70) | 0.85 (0.66 to 1.11) |
| Severe frailty | 1.01 (0.82 to 1.24) | 1.27 (0.88 to 1.85) | 1.18 (0.87 to 1.60) |
| CHA2DS2VASc Score | |||
| 2 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 3 | 0.91 (0.78 to 1.05) | 1.02 (0.77 to 1.35) | 0.69 (0.54 to 0.89) |
| 4 | 0.85 (0.73 to 1.00) | 1.03 (0.77 to 1.38) | 0.80 (0.61 to 1.04) |
| HAS–BLED Score | |||
| 0 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 2 | 0.99 (0.88 to 1.11) | 0.85 (0.69 to 1.04) | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.07) |
| 3 | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.09) | 0.79 (0.61 to 1.04) | 0.79 (0.62 to 1.01) |
*Adjusted for all the other variables in the table.
BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NOAC, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; NVAF, non-valvular atrial fibrillation; OAC, oral anticoagulant.