Table 2.
Characteristics of non-pulseless events
| 2000–2005 (n = 736) | 2006–2010 (n = 1914) | 2011–2015 (n = 2043) | 2016–2018 (n = 1058) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 397 (54) | 1069 (56) | 1137 (56) | 598 (57) |
| Female | 339 (46) | 845 (44) | 906 (44) | 460 (43) |
| Age group | ||||
| Neonate (<1 month) | 225 (31) | 1111 (58) | 961 (47) | 260 (25) |
| Infant (1 month to <1 year) | 304 (41) | 481 (25) | 632 (31) | 548 (52) |
| Child (1 year to <12 years) | 162 (22) | 268 (14) | 368 (18) | 196 (19) |
| Adolescent (≥12 years) | 45 (6) | 54 (3) | 82 (4) | 54 (5) |
| Illness category | ||||
| Medical | ||||
| Cardiac | 113 (15) | 204 (11) | 249 (12) | 178 (17) |
| Non-cardiac | 315 (43) | 547 (29) | 742 (36) | 525 (50) |
| Surgical | ||||
| Cardiac | 101 (14) | 219 (11) | 320 (16) | 165 (16) |
| Non-cardiac* | 86 (12) | 170 (9) | 245 (12) | 190 (18) |
| Newborn† | 121 (16) | 774 (40) | 487 (24) | 0 (0) |
| Pre-existing conditions‡ | ||||
| Acute non-stroke CNS event | 38 (5) | 71 (4) | 77 (4) | 32 (3) |
| Baseline depression in CNS | 138 (19) | 183 (10) | 168 (8) | 97 (9) |
| Heart failure prior admission | 118 (16) | 57 (3) | 40 (2) | 31 (3) |
| Heart failure this admission | 131 (18) | 85 (4) | 55 (3) | 38 (4) |
| Hepatic insufficiency | 52 (7) | 71 (4) | 47 (2) | 27 (3) |
| Hypotension | 236 (32) | 434 (23) | 411 (20) | 232 (22) |
| Metabolic abnormalities | 125 (17) | 208 (11) | 214 (10) | 165 (16) |
| Metastatic malignancy | 18 (2) | 31 (2) | 29 (1) | 19 (2) |
| Pneumonia | 80 (11) | 116 (6) | 96 (5) | 45 (4) |
| Respiratory insufficiency | 543 (74) | 1274 (67) | 1370 (67) | 778 (74) |
| Renal insufficiency | 78 (11) | 122 (6) | 128 (6) | 63 (6) |
| Septicemia | 130 (18) | 273 (14) | 256 (13) | 66 (6) |
| Location and Time of Event | ||||
| Location of event | ||||
| Emergency department | 27 (4) | 45 (2) | 61 (3) | 28 (3) |
| Intensive care unit | 556 (76) | 1383 (72) | 1532 (75) | 855 (81) |
| Floor | ||||
| Without telemetry | 38 (5) | 55 (3) | 70 (3) | 37 (3) |
| With telemetry | 8 (1) | 22 (1) | 17 (1) | 9 (1) |
| Other§ | 107 (15) | 409 (21) | 363 (18) | 129 (12) |
| Time of week | ||||
| Weekend∥ | 239 (32) | 584 (31) | 578 (28) | 290 (27) |
| Weekday | 497 (68) | 1330 (69) | 1465 (72) | 768 (73) |
| Time of day | ||||
| Nighttime# | 208 (28) | 579 (30) | 570 (28) | 268 (25) |
| Daytime | 528 (72) | 1335 (70) | 1473 (72) | 790 (75) |
| Event Characteristics | ||||
| Witnessed | ||||
| Yes | 709 (96) | 1854 (97) | 1991 (97) | 1021 (97) |
| No | 27 (4) | 60 (3) | 52 (3) | 37 (3) |
| Monitored | ||||
| Yes | 72 (10) | 272 (14) | 190 (9) | 33 (3) |
| No | 664 (90) | 1642 (86) | 1853 (91) | 1025 (97) |
| Hospital Characteristics | ||||
| Years of GWTG participation (years) | 14 (7, 18) | 13 (7, 15) | 13 (10, 15) | 11 (7, 15) |
| Geographic region | ||||
| North-East | 234 (32) | 243 (13) | 490 (24) | 251 (24) |
| South-East | 138 (19) | 552 (29) | 647 (32) | 286 (27) |
| North-Central | 76 (10) | 161 (8) | 218 (11) | 210 (20) |
| South-Central | 172 (23) | 557 (29) | 521 (26) | 199 (19) |
| West | 116 (16) | 401 (21) | 167 (8) | 112 (11) |
| Geographical area | ||||
| Rural | 22 (3) | 31 (2) | 6 (<1) | 5 (<1) |
| Urban | 714 (97) | 1883 (98) | 2037 (>99) | 1053 (>99) |
| Ownership | ||||
| Government/Military | 58 (8) | 329 (17) | 276 (14) | 67 (6) |
| Non-profit | 649 (88) | 1477 (77) | 1713 (84) | 950 (90) |
| Private | 29 (4) | 108 (6) | 54 (3) | 41 (4) |
| Teaching status | ||||
| Major | 461 (63) | 1289 (67) | 1506 (74) | 754 (71) |
| Minor | 228 (31) | 491 (26) | 472 (23) | 261 (25) |
| Non-teaching | 47 (6) | 134 (7) | 65 (3) | 43 (4) |
CNS denotes central nervous system; GWTG-R denotes Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation.
*
Including non-cardiac surgical patients, trauma patients, and obstetric patients.
†
The newborn illness category was added to the GWTG-R registry in 2005 and removed in 2015.
‡
Definitions have been provided elsewhere.11
§
Including ambulatory or outpatient clinics, diagnostic or interventional areas, operating room, post-anesthesia recovery room, rehabilitation unit, same-day surgical area, and delivery room.
∥
Friday 11 PM to Monday 7 AM.
#
11:00 PM to 6:59 AM.