Figure 5.

DAPA reduced ROS production in liver tissues of DM mice. (A) ROS production was determined by DHE staining; (B) the IOD of DHE staining in livers of all groups was quantified; (C) the lipid peroxidation product MDA was measured; (D) the activity of SOD in liver tissues of mice was tested. The values are M ± SEM. *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01. DAPA, dapagliflozin; ROS, reactive oxygen species; DM, diabetes mellitus; DHE, dihydroethidium; IOD, Indian Ocean Dipole; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; M, mean; SEM, standard error of the mean; NDM, non-diabetes mellitus.