Xuebijing injection suppresses systemic inflammation after pancreaticoduodenectomy. (A,B,C) Levels of WBC (A), NE% (B), and CRP (C) in the Xuebijing injection group and control group. Xuebijing injection significantly decreased the levels of WBC, NE%, and CRP; (D) levels of serum IL-6 measured by ELISA; (E) cumulative cases of fever 5 days after pancreaticoduodenectomy. The incidence of postoperative fever was significantly lower in the Xuebijing group; (F,G) postoperative hospital days and cost; no significant difference was observed between the two groups. Data in A, B, C, E, F and G represent mean ± SD; n=101. The mean value was displayed. Data in D represent mean ± SD; n=10. *, P<0.05, **, P<0.01, ***, P<0.001. WBC, white blood cell; NE%, neutrophil percentage; CRP, C-reactive protein; IL-6, interleukin-6; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; SD, standard deviation.