Haas 2003.

Methods	Study design: placebo‐controlled, parallel RCT Duration of study: not reported Duration of follow‐up: 32 months
Participants	Country: Austria Setting: multicentre (no of sites not reported) Inclusion criteria: successful deceased donor, kidney transplantation of 1st or 2nd transplant; normocalcaemia, SCr < 0.18 mmol/L at 2 weeks; baseline bone biopsy demonstrates no adynamic bone disease Number: treatment group (10); control group (10) Mean age ± SE (years): treatment group (55 ± 18); control group (49 ± 16) Sex (M/F): treatment group (6/4); control group (6/4) Exclusion criteria: previous or current treatment with calcitonin or bisphosphonate or with hypocalcaemia
Interventions	Treatment group 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (oral): 0.25 µg/d Control group Placebo Co‐interventions Not reported
Outcomes	BMD by DEXA at lumbar spine (L1‐L4) and femoral neck Bone histomorphometry measured and calculated according to the American Society of Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR) SCr Incidence of acute graft rejection
Notes	Funding source: Research grant from Novartis Trial registration: not applicable as published before end of 2005
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Patients treated with intervention or placebo, but nature of placebo not fully described
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Bone biopsy histological analysis conducted by pathologist who was unaware of treatment allocation. Assessment of fracture not described
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Outcome data reported for 13/28 participants
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Patient‐centred outcomes reported
Other bias	High risk	Funded by Novartis