Jeffery 2003.

Methods	Setting: active comparator, parallel RCT Duration of study: November 1997 Duration of follow‐up: 12 months
Participants	Country: Canada Setting: multicentre (2 sites) Inclusion criteria: kidney transplant recipients, stable kidney function, estimated GFR > 35 mL/min, T‐score < ‐1 at either lumbar spine or femur Number: treatment group (57); control group (60) Mean age at transplantation ± SD (years): treatment group (44.8 ± 11.6); control group (45.9 ± 10.8) Mean time since transplantation ± SD (years): treatment group (7.1 ± 5.2); control group (9.6 ± 6.8) Sex (M/F): treatment group (34/12); control group (37/14) Exclusion criteria: previous treatment for bone disease, recent oesophagitis or gastritis
Interventions	Treatment group Alendronate (oral): 10 mg/d Control group Calcitriol (oral): 0.25 µg/d Co‐interventions Not reported
Outcomes	BMD by DEXA at lumbar vertebrae (L2‐L4) and proximal femur SCr
Notes	Funding source: not reported Trial registration: not applicable as published before end of 2005
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open‐label study
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	20/117 participants did not complete study
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Patient‐centred outcomes not reported systematically
Other bias	High risk	Imbalanced time since transplantation between groups at baseline