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. 2019 Oct 14;13(3):297–309. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v13i3.35524

Table 1.

Detailed cytogenetic data available for species of the Pipidae family. NOR: Nucleolar Organizer Region; M= metacentric; SM= submetacentric; ST=subtelocentric; T=telocentric; p= short arm; q=long arm; (–) no data.

Species Ploidy level Karyotype formula NOR site Reference
Xenopus tropicalis group
X. tropicalis 2n = 20 2 M + 14 SM + 4 A 5q Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Uehara et al. 2002
X. epitropicalis 4n = 40 4M + 28 SM+ 8 A 5q Tymowska and Fischberg 1982; Tymowska 1991
X. new tetraploid 1 4n = 40 4M + 28 SM+ 8 A 5q Tymowska 1991; Evans et al. 2004
X. new tetraploid 2 4n = 40 4M + 28 SM+ 8 A 5q Evans et al. 2004
Xenopus laevis group
X. borealis 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 4p Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Tymowska 1991
X. clivii 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 4p Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Tymowska 1991
X. fraseri 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 6q Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Tymowska 1991
X. gilli 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 12p Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Tymowska 1991
X. laevis laevis 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 12p Tymowska 1991
X. laevis bunyoniensis 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T Tymowska 1991
X. laevis petersi 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Tymowska 1991
X. laevis poweri 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T Tymowska 1991
X. laevis sudanensis 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T Tymowska 1991
X. laevis victorianus 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Tymowska 1991
X. largeni 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T Tymowska 1991
X. muelleri 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 4p Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Tymowska 1991
X. pygmaeus 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 6q Loumont 1986
X. sp. nov. VI 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 4p Tymowska 1991
X. sp. nov. IX 4n = 36 6 M+ 14 SM+ 2 ST + 14 T 12p Tymowska 1991
X. amieti 8n = 72 12 M + 28 SM + 4 ST + 28 T 5q Kobel et al. 1980
X. andrei 8n = 72 12 M + 28 SM + 4 ST + 28 T 18q Loumont 1983
X. boumbaensis 8n = 72 12 M + 28 SM + 4 ST + 28 T 6p+ 4p Loumont 1983
X. itombwensis 8n = 72 12 M + 28 SM + 4 ST + 28 T Evans et al. 2008
X. lenduensis 8n = 72 12 M + 28 SM + 4 ST + 28 T Evans et al. 2011
X. vestitus 8n = 72 12 M + 28 SM + 4 ST + 28 T 12p Tymowska 1991
X. wittei 8n = 72 12 M + 28 SM + 4 ST + 28 T 12p Tymowska 1991
X. sp. nov. X 8n = 72 12 M + 28 SM + 4 ST + 28 T 18q Tymowska 1991
X. longipes 12n = 108 18 M + 42 SM + 6 ST + 42 T 7p Loumont and Kobel 1991
X. ruwenzoriensis 12n = 108 18 M + 42 SM + 6 ST + 42 T 11q Tymowska and Fischberg 1973; Tymowska 1991
X. cf. boumbaensis 12n = 108 18 M + 42 SM + 6 ST + 42 T 7p Evans 2007
X. sp. nov. VIIIa 12n = 108 18 M + 42 SM + 6 ST + 42 T 7p Tymowska 1991
Genus Pseudhymenochirus
P. merlini 2n = 20 8 M + 4 SM + 6 ST + 2 T 10q Mezzasalma et al. 2015
Genus Hymenochirus
H. boettgeri 2n = 20 14 M + 2 SM + 4 ST 4p Mezzasalma et al. 2015
Genus Pipa
P. carvalhoi 2n = 20 6 M+ 4 SM+6 ST + 4 T 9q Present study
8 M + 8 SM + 4 T Mezzasalma et al. 2015
P. pipa 2n = 22 8 M + 14 A Wickbom 1950
6M + 2ST + 14A Morescalchi et al. 1970
P. parva 2n = 30 30 T Morescalchi 1981

Chromosomal formula shown by Mezzasalma et al. 2015 was based in Pfeuffer-Friederich 1980 and Sachsse 1980.