Fig. 6.

Nucleosome remodeling complexes in ESCs. Three major families of nucleosome remodeling complexes function in ESCs. The SWI/SNF complex member BRG1 promotes the recruitment of pluripotency TFs and is therefore required for naïve pluripotency and ESC survival. SMARCAD1 links SWI/SNF complexes to deimination of H3R26 and repression of H3K9me3. SMARCAD1 prevents acquisition of EpiLC features. The TIP60-P400 complex counteracts TF recruitment by decreasing chromatin accessibility, and thereby is required for ESC self-renewal and differentiation. Finally, the NuRD complex can transiently decrease chromatin accessibility at transcriptionally active promoters, which allows for reestablishment of altered TF binding patterns. NuRD modulates pluripotency gene expression under naïve conditions and during exit from naïve pluripotency.