Table 4.
Daily (08:00–17:00) direct, diffuse, reflected, and total UVR doses [J/m2] estimated at different skin zones protected by three styles of sunglasses during: (1) a cloudless summer day, (2) a cloudy summer day, (3) a cloudless winter day with high reflection from the ground in a “looking-straight ahead” head position
| Exposure | Periorbital skin zones | Ocular skin zones | Facial skin zones | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar UVR component | Exposure conditiona | Lateral | Lower | Tear duct | Upper | Cornea | White lateral | White medial | Cheeks | Nose | |
| Head with goggles | |||||||||||
| Daily UVR doses [J/m2] | Diffuse | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 362.8 | 110.5 |
| 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 132.0 | 43.0 | ||
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67.0 | 20.4 | ||
| Direct | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83.6 | 20.0 | |
| 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 0.8 | ||
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.4 | 15.2 | ||
| Reflected | 1 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 15.7 | 10.1 | |
| 2 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 3.9 | ||
| 3 | 1.6 | 4.8 | 6.5 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 4.4 | 110.5 | 71.2 | ||
| Total | 1 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 462.1 | 140.6 | |
| 2 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 137.5 | 47.7 | ||
| 3 | 1.6 | 4.8 | 6.5 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 4.4 | 192.9 | 106.8 | ||
| Head with middle-sized sunglasses | |||||||||||
| Diffuse | 1 | 149.6 | 62.7 | 24.1 | 59.6 | 30.5 | 62.8 | 88.2 | 644.0 | 710.4 | |
| 2 | 58.8 | 24.0 | 9.3 | 2.0 | 11.5 | 14.0 | 44.0 | 250.0 | 276.5 | ||
| 3 | 27.7 | 11.6 | 4.5 | 11.0 | 5.6 | 11.6 | 16.3 | 119.0 | 131.3 | ||
| Direct | 1 | 230.3 | 141.0 | 37.2 | 163.8 | 129.2 | 222.8 | 63.0 | 285.0 | 651.0 | |
| 2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.6 | ||
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.8 | 29.8 | 46.7 | ||
| Reflected | 1 | 11.0 | 5.8 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 5.2 | 2.2 | 20.0 | 13.3 | |
| 2 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 4.0 | 2.8 | ||
| 3 | 77.7 | 70.5 | 8.4 | 14.9 | 7.3 | 36.7 | 15.2 | 140.2 | 93.7 | ||
| Total | 1 | 390.9 | 209.5 | 62.5 | 225.6 | 160.7 | 290.8 | 153.4 | 949.0 | 1374.7 | |
| 2 | 61.6 | 25.5 | 10.5 | 2.9 | 12.5 | 14.9 | 45.2 | 254.1 | 280.9 | ||
| 3 | 105.4 | 82.1 | 12.9 | 25.9 | 12.9 | 48.3 | 38.3 | 289.0 | 271.7 | ||
| Head with large-sized sunglasses | |||||||||||
| Diffuse | 1 | 41.5 | 15.6 | 31.9 | 53.4 | 31.7 | 26.0 | 33.0 | 214.9 | 320.7 | |
| 2 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 170.0 | 374.2 | ||
| 3 | 7.7 | 2.9 | 5.9 | 9.9 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 6.0 | 39.7 | 59.3 | ||
| Direct | 1 | 138.0 | 96.4 | 36.3 | 146.5 | 102.0 | 174.8 | 0 | 136 | 578.0 | |
| 2 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.5 | ||
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22.9 | 41.1 | ||
| Reflected | 1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 10.7 | 10.4 | |
| 2 | 0 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 4.0 | ||
| 3 | 7.9 | 6.5 | 3.5 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 5.5 | 75.3 | 73.1 | ||
| Total | 1 | 180.6 | 112.9 | 68.7 | 200.2 | 133.8 | 201.1 | 33.8 | 361.6 | 909.1 | |
| 2 | 0 | 2.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 172.9 | 379.7 | ||
| 3 | 15.6 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 11.6 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 11.5 | 137.9 | 173.5 | ||
aSee Table 1 for the specific exposure conditions