Table 1.
HSPCs reduce serum concentration of multiple pro-inflammatory factors but increase serum levels of IL-10, a known anti-inflammatory cytokine
| Cytokines | Sham (pg/mL) | IR injury (pg/mL) | IR injury + HSCs (pg/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interleukin-1α | 14.07 ± 2.90 | 18.62 ± 3.95 | 10.63 ± 0.67* |
| Interleukin-1β | 37.18 ± 5.06 | 42.84 ± 4.37 | 24.94 ± 2.40** |
| Interleukin-2 | 14.92 ± 3.00 | 11.65 ± 0.86 | 8.17 ± 0.48** |
| Interleukin-3 | 17.13 ± 2.45 | 16.46 ± 1.67 | 10.93 ± 0.93** |
| Interleukin-4 | 13.61 ± 3.48 | 10.27 ± 2.77 | 6.76 ± 4.29 |
| Interleukin-5 | 32.63 ± 11.95 | 31.56 ± 5.69 | 17.78 ± 2.91* |
| Interleukin-6 | 316.138 ± 118.21 | 1993.53 ± 841.45* | 425.07 ± 78.19* |
| Interleukin-9 | 51.29 ± 7.54 | 45.76 ± 4.83 | 34.22 ± 2.64* |
| Interleukin-10 | 143.57 ± 9.06 | 222.70 ± 45.84* | 452.48 ± 41.06*** |
| Interleukin-12(p40) | 2253.75 ± 350.50 | 14 588.86 ± 5889.30* | 2424.66 ± 179.39* |
| Interleukin-12(p70) | 501.84 ± 85.43 | 555.36 ± 57.31 | 350.24 ± 38.07** |
| Interleukin-13 | 278.182 ± 51.10 | 337.87 ± 38.67 | 159.26 ±25.87*** |
| Interleukin-17 | 18.70 ± 2.68 | 14.50 ± 1.22 | 11.36 ± 1.06* |
| Eotaxin | 992.67 ± 113.83 | 1607.58 ± 50.43* | 1020.15 ± 90.44*** |
| G-CSF | 395.23 ± 97.79 | 2720.72 ± 1272.80* | 200.29 ± 36.04* |
| GM-CSF | 54.52 ± 7.25 | 61.95 ± 6.50 | 41.09 ± 4.75** |
| IFNγ | 46.44 ± 7.28 | 42.25 ± 4.50 | 30.55 ± 2.20* |
| KC (IL-8) | 326.15 ± 93.22 | 1769.48 ± 783.47* | 227.52 ± 28.93* |
| MCP-1 | 638.92 ± 121.67 | 5016.62 ± 2117.35* | 704.97 ± 93.02* |
| MIP-1α | 21.84 ± 8.95 | 48.51 ± 21.69 | 37.30 ± 10.35 |
| MIP-1β | 169.46 ± 56.60 | 1545.83 ± 736.81* | 250.28 ± 58.80* |
| RANTES | 108.06 ± 15.03 | 248.96 ± 79.09* | 85.75 ± 10.29* |
| TNFα | 191.95 ± 29.16 | 369.49 ± 95.21* | 154.62 ± 19.28* |
IRI induced a significant increase in the circulating serum levels of 10 out of 23 inflammatory cytokines tested using a Luminex cytokine array kit. Greater than six-fold increases were observed in IL-6, IL-12, G-CSF, KC, MCP-1, and MIP-1β levels. HSPCs reduced the serum concentration of nine of these factors as well as some cytokines whose increase post-IRI was not significantly increased. HSPC administration significantly (P < 0.01) increased the serum levels of interleukin-10.
*
P < 0.05,
**
P < 0.01,
***
P < 0.001;
Sham vs. IR injury or IR injury with HSPCs. One-tailed Student’s t-test, n > 9.