Table 1.

Sizes and shapes of Ag-NP obtained by “green synthesis” using plant extracts.

Plant	Part Used for Synthesis	Shape (form)	Size of Ag-NP (nm)	Max of Absorption of Ag-NP in Visible Spectrum (nm)	Ref.
Pelargonium graveolens (Geranium)	Leaves	Spherical	16–40	440	[25]
Emblica Officinalis (Amla, Indian Gooseberry)	Fruits	Spherical	15–25	400–420	[26]
Aloe Vera	Leaves	Spherical	15.2 ± 4.2	410	[27]
Capsicum annuum	Leaves	Spherical	50–70	428	[28]
Lippia citriodora (Lemon Verbena)	Leaves	Spherical	15–30	430–440	[29]
Acalypha indica	Leaves	Spherical	20–30	425	[30]
Tribulus terrestris	Exsiccated leaves	Spherical	18–47	450	[31]
Mimusops elengi	Leaves	Spherical	55–83	440	[32]
Chrysanthemum indicum	Flowers	Spherical	25–59	430	[33]
Cinnamomum canphora	Leaves	Spherical	55–80	440	[34]
Eclipta	Leaves	Spherical	2–6	419	[35]
Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi)	Leaves	Spherical	4–30	413	[36]
Cassia auriculata	Leaves	Spherical	1–100	450	[37]
Euphorbia hirta Nerium indicum	Leaves	Spherical	29–31	380, 460	[38]
Rosa Chinensis	Leaves	Spherical	25–60	No λmax data	[39]
Tribulus terrestris	Fruit	Spherical	16–28	435	[40]
Dioscorea bulbifera	Tuber	Triangular, Nanorod	8–20	455	[41]
Ulva lactucain	Whole plant	Spherical	76	434	[42]
Trianthema decandra	Root	Spherical	36–74	Absent	[43]
Cissus quadrangularis	Whole plant	Spherical	50–100	450	[44]
Iresine herbstii	Leaves	Spherical	44–64	420	[45]
Ananas comosus	Fruits	Spherical	~12	430	[46]
Boswellia serrata	Gum	Spherical	7.5 ± 3.8	420	[47]
Hibiscus cannabinus	Leaves	Spherical	9–10	446	[48]
Piper pedicellatum	Leaves	Spherical	2–30	440	[49]
Tithonia diversifolia	Leaves	Spherical	~25	Absent	[50]
Ficus panda	Leaves	Spherical	12–36	421	[51]
Citrullus colocynthis	Leaves Root Seeds	Spherical Spherical Spherical	13.37 7.39 16.57	No. λmax data	[52]
Alternanthera sessilis	Leaves	Spherical	30–50	420	[53]
Podophyllum hexandrum	Leaves	Spherical	~14	430	[54]
Cocos nucifera	Inflorescence	Spherical	~22	420	[55]
Olea europaea (Olive)	Leaves	Spherical	20–25	441–456	[56]
Sargassum wightii (algae)	Whole	Spherical	5–22	439	[57]
Olax scandens	Leaves	Spherical	30–60	410–430	[58]
Piper longum	Fruits	Spherical	~46	465	[59]
Delonix elata	Leaves	Spherical	35–45	432	[60]
Adansonia digitata	Fruits	Spherical	3–57	434	[61]
Emblica officinalis	Fruits	Spherical	15–20	425	[62]
Rheum emodi	Root	Spherical	10–40	425	[63]
Allium sativum	Whole plant	Spherical	100–800	No. λmax data	[64]
Sargassum vulgare (algae)	Whole plant	Spherical	~10	No. λmax data	[65]
Erythrina indica lam	Root	Spherical	20–118	438	[66]
Plumeria alba	Flowers	Spherical	36.2	455	[67]
Cymodocea serrulata	Whole plant	Spherical	17–29	430	[68]
Skimmia laureola	Leaves	Spherical		460	[69]
Butea monosperma	Leaves	Spherical	20–80	440–475	[70]
Capparis decidua	Leaves	Spherical	1.5–25	452	[71]
Azadirachta indica	Leaves	Spherical	~34	436–446	[72]
Syzygium cumini Azadirachta indica	Flowers Leaves	Spherical Spherical	<40 <40	400–450	[73]
Capparis spinosa	Leaves	Spherical	10–40	420	[74]
Cola nitida	Pods	Spherical	12–80	431	[75]
Artemisia marschalliana	Aerial part	Spherical	5–50	430	[76]
Ziziphus oenoplia	Leaves	Spherical	10	436	[77]
Croton bonplandianum Baill.	Leaves	Spherical	32	425	[78]
Dimocarpus longan	Peel	Spherical	8–22	No. λmax data	[79]
Rubus glaucus	Leaves	Spherical	12–50	440–445	[80]
Raphanus sativus	Leaves	Spherical	4–30	426	[81]
Melia azedarach	Leaves	Spherical	34–48	482	[82]
Calliandra haematocephala	Leaves	Spherical	13.5–91.3	414	[83]
Crocus sativus	Leaves	Spherical	12–20	450	[84]
Costus afer	Leaves	Spherical	~20	405–411	[85]
Punica granatum	Peel	Spherical	20–40	Absent	[86]
Cleome viscosa	Fruits	Spherical	20–50	410–430	[87]
Anthemis atropatana	Aerial part	Spherical	10–80	430	[88]
Citrullus colocynthis	Callus	Spherical	~31	No. λmax data	[89]
Datura stramonium	Leaves	Spherical	15–20	444	[90]
Morinda citrifolia	Root	Spherical	30–55	413	[91]
Ficus talboti	Leaves	Spherical	10–14	438	[92]
Potentilla fulgens	Root	Spherical	10–15	410	[93]
Syzygium cumini Citrus sinensis Solanum tricobatum Centella asiatica	Leaves powder	Triangular	53 41 52 42	420	[94]
Rheum palmatum	Root	Hexagonal	121 ± 2	440	[95]
Alysicarpus monilifer	Leaves	Hexagonal, Spherical	5–45	422	[96]
Melia azedarach	Leaves	Cubic	78	436	[97]
Eucalyptus macrocarpa	Leaves	Cubic	10–50	430	[98]
Cucurbita maxima Moringa oleifera Acorus calamus	Petals Leaves Rhizome	Cubic	30–70	Absent	[99]
Ocimum tenuiflorum Solanum tricobatum Syzygium cumini Centella asiatica Citrus sinensis	Leaves	Prismatic	28 22.3 26.5 28.4 65	420 420 420 415 415	[100]
Achillea biebersteinii	Flowers	Pentagonal Spherical	10–40	450	[101]
Solanum trilobatum	Fruits	Polygonal	41–42	420	[102]
Musa paradisiaca (banana)	Peels	Irregular	~24	433	[103]
Annona squamosa	Leaves	Irregular	~300	420	[104]
Artemisia nilagirica	Leaves	Irregular	≤30	463	[105]
Tinospora cordifolia	Leaves	Irregular Spherical	~30	430	[106]
Leucas aspera Hyptis suaveolens	Leaves Leaves	Irregular Polygonal	7–22 5–25	401 408	[107]
Órchis máscula	Tuber	“Flower-like”	<100 (width) ~500 (length)	444	[108]