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. 2019 Jun 19;9(5):1035–1049. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.06.003

Table 3.

In vitro inhibition, by antibiotics, of human drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters responsible for XueBiJing compounds' elimination.

Antibiotics (ID) IC50 values (μmol/L)
UGT2B15 [X5X6] ALDH [PCD→X11] OAT1 [X8] OAT2 [X8] OATP1B3 [X10]
Imipenem (A1) 120±30
Meropenem (A2) 164±39
Ceftriaxone (A6) 201±48
Ceftazidime (A7) 1034±155
Cefoperazone (A8) 971±130 49±11 27±9
Cefotaxime (A9) 68±20
Cefamandole (A11) 271±74 53±20
Piperacillin (A13) 797±142 591±154 1208±434
Ticarcillin (A14) 1833±572
Penicillin G (A15) 890±128 308±68 999±363 56±21
Ampicillin (A16) 2076±283 42±18
Oxacillin (A17) 465±72 99±31 467±97 11±2
Carbenicillin (A18) 311±90
Flucloxacillin (A19) 336±83 45±6 173±27 729±131 26±9
Cefoxitin (A20) 57±11 983±117 26±19
Teicoplanin (A26) 64±14 8±2
Levofloxacin (A31) 50±9
Ciprofloxacin (A32) 8±3 28±3 22±12
Moxifloxacin (A33) 17±2
Erythromycin (A34) 3±1
Clindamycin (A35) 12±2
Trimethoprim (A37) 667±146 378±109
Rifamcin (A39) 2±0
Micafungin (A40) 3±0 43±4 26±2 3±1
Caspofungin (A41) 39±2 7±2 1±0
Amphotericin B (A42) 87±9 1±0
Itraconazole (A44) 4±1
Voriconazole (A45) 55±6 189±75 19±8

X5, PCD, X8 and X10 were used as substrates for UGT2B15, ALDH, OAT1/2 and OATP1B3, respectively. X5, senkyunolide I; X6, senkyunolide I-7-O-β-glucuronide; X8, tanshinol; X10, salvianolic acid B; X11, protocatechuic acid; PCD, protocatechuic aldehyde. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3).