Table 3.
Correlations between antibody levels in pairs of CVS and serum samples after HPV vaccination.
| Study vaccine | Study (publication year) [ref] | Number of participants (total age range) | Measured anti-HPV antibody response | Correlation between antibody levels in paired CVS and serum samples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HPV-16 VLPs | Nardelli-Haefliger (2003) [55] | N = 18 (18–45 y) | HPV-16 (contraceptive group) | ρ = .86 |
| HPV-16 (ovulatory group) | ρ = .27 | |||
| HPV-11 or 16 VLPs | Fife (2004) [45] | N = 249 (18–25 y) | HPV-11 | τ = . 27 |
| HPV-16 | Not reported | |||
| HPV-16/18 vaccine (2HPV) | Kemp (2008b) [53] | N = 50 (18–25 y) | HPV-16 (ELISA) | ρ = .73 |
| HPV-16 (SEAP) | ρ = .74 | |||
| HPV-18 (ELISA) | ρ = .75 | |||
| HPV-18 (SEAP) | ρ = .64 | |||
| Schwarz (2010) [60] | N = 350 (10–65 y) | HPV-16 | r = .84 - .92 | |
| HPV-18 | r = .90 - .91 | |||
| Petäjä (2011) [56] | N = 321 (10–25 y) | HPV-16 | r = .84 | |
| HPV-18 | r = .90 | |||
| Scherpenisse (2013) [57] | N = 1151 (14–16 y) | HPV-16 IgG | ρ = .58 | |
| HPV-18 IgG | ρ = .50 | |||
| HPV-16 IgA | ρ = .54 | |||
| HPV-18 IgA | ρ = .55 | |||
| Schwarz (2009) [61] | N = 531 (15–55 y) | HPV-16 | r = .73 - .90 | |
| HPV-18 | r = .82 - .93 | |||
| Schwarz (2015) [58] | N = 488 (15–55 y) | HPV-16 | r = .81 - .96 | |
| HPV-18 | r = .69 - .84 | |||
| Schwarz (2017) [59] | N = 470 (15–55 y) | HPV-16 | r = .64 | |
| HPV-18 | r = .38 | |||
| HPV-16/18 vaccine (2HPV) HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine (4HPV) | Einstein (2009) [47],a | N = 920 (18–45 y) | HPV-16 (ELISA) | r = .74 |
| HPV-16 (PBNA) | r = .64 | |||
| HPV-18 (ELISA) | r = .83 | |||
| HPV-18 (PBNA) | r = .46 | |||
| Einstein (2011) [48],a | N = 799 (18–45 y) | HPV-16 (2HPV) | r = .91 | |
| HPV-16 (4HPV) | r = .97 | |||
| HPV-18 (2HPV) | r = .96 | |||
| HPV-18 (4HPV) | r = .90 | |||
| Einstein (2014)[49],a | N = 524 (18–45 y) | HPV-16 (2HPV) | r = .88 | |
| HPV-16 (4HPV) | r = .82 | |||
| HPV-18 (2HPV) | r = .47 | |||
| HPV-18 (4HPV) | r = .66 | |||
| Draper (2009) [46],a | N = 198 (12–15 y) | HPV-16 (ELISA) | r = .80 | |
| HPV-16 (PBNA) | r = .73 | |||
| HPV-18 (ELISA) | r = .69 | |||
| HPV-18 (PBNA) | r = .74 | |||
| HPV31 (ELISA) | r = .84 | |||
| HPV45 (ELISA) | r = .71 |
a
Since the mechanism of transudation of serum antibodies into the CVS is expected to be the same regardless of the vaccine eliciting the immune response, overall Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated for each antigen using data for Cervarix® (2HPV) and Gardasil® (4HPV) combined. Abbreviations: ρ, Spearman correlation coefficient; τ, Kendall's τ value; r, Pearson correlation coefficient; SEAP-NA, secreted alkaline phosphatase neutralization assay; PBNA, pseudovirion-based neutralization assay.