NSI-189 augments neurite outgrowth and mitochondrial function in adult rat DRG sensory neurons. A and B: Effect of NSI-189 on neurite outgrowth from normal neurons (n = 5–7 replicate cultures). C: Effect of NSI-189 on DRG neurons derived from a 3- to 4-month STZ-induced diabetic rat (n = 6–10 replicate cultures). D: Seahorse XF24 trace showing oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of neurons from diabetic rats treated for 24 h with 1.0 or 3.0 μmol/L NSI-189. The following drugs were added: oligomycin (oligo), carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP), and rotenone + antimycin A (Rot+AA) . Basal respiration (E), maximal respiration (F), and spare respiratory capacity (G) derived from D (n = 6–7 replicate cultures). Data are mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 by one-way ANOVA, followed by the Dunnett post hoc test.