Fig. 6. Transient expression of Md-miRln20 and Md-TN1-GLS in leaves of three resistant tissue-cultured apple varieties.

a Symptoms of ‘Fuji’, ‘Meigumi-1’, and ‘JM2’ leaves at 3 DAI with W2. Bar = 0.5 cm. b, c Expression levels of Md-miRln20 (b) and Md-TN1-GLS (c) in leaves expressing the indicated constructs, as analyzed by RT-qPCR. d Disease incidence in leaves expressing the indicated constructs. Expression values are means ± SD of three biological replicates, and statistical significance was determined by Student’s t-test: *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01