Table 3. Demographic characteristics with nutritional status among mother-child pairs in urban Sri Lanka (n = 314).

Variables	Mothers with normal BMI (n = 133)					Mothers with high BMI (n = 181)
	Total, n	Thinness, %	Normal, %	Overweight, %	p	Total, n	Thinness, %	Normal, %	Overweight, %	p
N	133	36	82	15		181	18	134	29
%		27.1	61.7	11.3		9.9	74.0	16.0
Sex					0.76					0.66
Boy	51	27.5	58.8	13.7		74	10.8	74.3	14.9
Girl	82	26.8	63.4	9.8		107	9.4	73.8	16.8
Grade					0.55					0.33
1	38	26.3	63.2	10.5		40	7.5	82.5	10.0
2	26	23.1	57.7	19.2		27	7.4	74.1	18.5
3	25	32.0	56.0	12.0		42	7.1	69.1	23.8
4	21	28.6	61.9	9.5		36	8.3	72.2	19.4
5	23	26.1	69.6	4.4		36	19.4	72.2	8.3
Mother’s age (years)					0.32					0.81
20–29	18	11.1	66.7	22.2		18	5.6	83.3	11.1
30–39	78	30.8	60.3	9.0		98	10.2	72.5	17.4
40–49	34	29.4	58.8	11.8		62	9.7	75.8	14.5
50–59	3	0.0	100.0	0		3	33.3	33.3	33.3
Maternal education					0.39					0.10
Low (up to primary)	20	45.0	50.0	5.0		27	22.2	59.3	18.5
Middle (incomplete secondary)	36	19.4	66.7	13.9		63	12.7	73.0	14.3
High (complete secondary or higher)	77	26.0	62.3	11.7		91	4.4	79.1	16.5
Maternal employment status					0.02					0.82
Housewife	101	29.7	63.4		6.9	132	11.4	71.2	17.4
Employment	26	19.2	57.7	23.1		41	7.3	85.4	7.3
Others	6	16.7	50.0	33.3		8	0.0	62.5	37.5
Household income (monthly average, Rs.)						0.88					0.18
Low (< 15,000)	38	31.6	52.6	15.8		37	8.1	83.8	8.1
Middle (15,000–< 50,000)	84	25.0	66.7	8.3		116	11.2	72.4	16.4
High (≥ 50,000)	11	27.3	54.6	18.2		28	7.1	67.9	25.0
Total number of members of the household						0.08					0.32
2–3	22	27.3	50.0	22.7		22	4.6	68.2	27.3
4	44	15.9	75.0	9.1		70	11.4	71.4	17.1
5	41	31.7	61.0	7.3		58	10.3	81.0	8.6
6–10	26	38.5	50.0	11.5		31	9.7	71.0	19.4

BMI: body mass index, Mothers with normal BMI: 18.5–< 25 kg/m², Mothers with high BMI: > 25 kg/m², Child BAZ: BMI-for-age z-score, Thinness: BAZ < -2SD, Normal: BAZ -2SD–+1SD, Overweight: BAZ > +1SD, SD: standard deviation