Table 1.

Medical Economic Effects of Sports in Which High Levels of Specialization Are Common^a

Sport	MD or ED, Visits	Direct Medical Costs, $ Millions	Total Costs, $ Billions
Baseball	25 075	50.9	0.82
Basketball	164 746	264.2	3.81
Soccer	88 009	152.9	2.20
Softball	27 093	43.5	0.55
Volleyball	31 532	48.8	0.64
Total	336 455	560.3	8.02

Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; MD, medical doctor.

^aData are from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System of the US Consumers Product Safety Commission (2016, ages 14–18 years).