Table 1.

Preseason Assessment Fitness Components

Task	Targeted Area of Assessment	Procedure	Task Origin
Vertical jump	Power	Gymnast stands with the dominant side facing a wall and jumps for maximum height. Gymnast stands flat footed and reaches upward. The distance between the maximum reach and the height reached during the jump is measured.	GFMT
			MGFMT
Hanging pike	Strength, flexibility	Gymnast starts in a dead hang position on a horizontal bar. Gymnast then flexes at the hip with the knees extended and attempts to touch the toes to the bar. The number of pikes completed is recorded.	GFMT
			MGFMT
Shoulder flexion	Flexibility	Gymnast lies prone while holding a dowel in both hands with the shoulders flexed to 90°. Gymnast then flexes the shoulders while maintaining the wrists in neutral position.	GFMT
			MGFMT
Agility	Agility	Gymnast sprints diagonally on a 12- × 12-m gymnastics floor from 1 corner to the other and back 5 times.	GFMT
			MGFMT
Pull-up	Strength, endurance	Gymnast starts in a hanging position from a horizonal bar and completes as many pull-ups as possible (from full shoulder extension to the chin clearing the bar).	GFMT
			MGFMT
Push-up	Strength, endurance	Gymnast starts with the hands shoulder-width apart on a low beam and completes as many push-ups as possible (chest touches a 1-in [2.54-cm]-high block to full elbow extension).	GFMT
Handstand	Strength, endurance, balance	Gymnast starts with the hands on a low beam. Timing starts when the gymnast's feet leave the ground and stops when the hands change positions or any other body part touches the floor. Two trials are completed, and the best time is used.	GFMT
			MGFMT
Plank (right and left)	Core strength, endurance	Gymnast lies on 1 side with the feet stacked and the elbow directly under the shoulder. The hips are lifted to form a straight line from feet to neck.	NA
Hollow hold	Core strength, endurance	Gymnast lies supine with the arms overhead. The hips and knees are extended in the air. Time in the correct position is recorded up to 1 min.	NA
Double-legged lower down	Core strength, endurance	Gymnast lies supine with the arms across the chest and the legs straight up toward the ceiling. The examiner places 1 hand under the athlete's back. The athlete lies with the back flat and slowly lowers the legs until the spine extends beyond a neutral position. The position of the legs above horizontal (°) is recorded.	NA
Bridge (right and left)	Core strength, endurance	Gymnast lies supine on the ground with the knees bent and feet flat on the ground. Athlete bridges the hips upward to form a straight line from the knees to the neck. Athlete extends 1 knee out straight while maintaining a neutral pelvis. Time in the correct position is recorded up to 1 min.	NA

Abbreviations: GFMT, Gymnastics Functional Measurement Tool; MGFMT, Men's Gymnastics Functional Measurement Tool; NA, not applicable.