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. 2019 Oct 22;38:423. doi: 10.1186/s13046-019-1402-x

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — Gal1-mediated upregulation of RER1 promotes HCC migration and invasion. a. Heat map revealed expressions of protein candidates with at least 2-fold difference between non-target control (shCtrl) and Gal-1 knockdown cells (shGal1#1). b. Top ten listed genes downregulated in Gal-1 knockdown cells when compared to control cells. A ratio with less than 0.5 represents a more than 2-fold downregulation in shGal1 cells. c. Quantitative PCR analysis of RER1 expression in the control and Gal-1 knockdown cells. d. RER1 expression was rescued in Gal-1 knockdown cells by transfecting an expression vector of RER1 into shGal1#1. Quantitative PCR revealed the upregulation of RER1 in Gal-1 knockdown cells. e. Migration (left) and invasion (right) assays were performed using RER1-transfected Gal-1 knockdown cells. f. Expression of RER1 in 50 cases of paired HCC tumorous and non-tumorous tissues of TCGA database was compared. g. A positive correlation between Gal-1 and RER1 expressions was found in HCC cases obtained from TCGA database. P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant