Table 3.
Signs, symptoms and clinical manifestations in different influenza types for the adult group
| Clinical symptoms | Aa N = 15 |
B N = 38 |
A/H1N1 N = 82 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fever >38 °C | 12(80%) | 23(61%) | 47(57%) | 0.2 |
| Cough | 10(67%) | 31(82%) | 70(85%) | 0.2 |
| Rhinorrhoea | 1(7%) | 11(29%) | 14(17%) | 0.1 |
| Sore throat | 2(13%) | 7(18%) | 14(17%) | 0.9 |
| Shortness of breath | 7(47%) | 20(53%) | 43(52%) | 0.9 |
| Abdominal pain | 0(0%) | 5(13%) | 5(6%) | 0.2 |
| Vomiting | 1(7%) | 8(21%) | 13(16%) | 0.4 |
| Diarrhoea | 1(7%) | 5(13%) | 3(4%) | 0.1 |
| Vital signs | ||||
| 02 Saturation (mean ± s.d.) (%) | 88.8 ± 7 | 91.3 ± 6.2 | 91.3 ± 7.9 | 0.5 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 124.5 ± 20.5 | 122 ± 22.5 | 125.5 ± 24.2 | 0.7 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.3 ± 12.6 | 69.8 ± 12.6 | 74.4 ± 14.2 | 0.2 |
| Laboratory tests | ||||
| Leucocytes (1000/μl) | 8.6 ± 4.4 | 6.5 ± 4.0 | 8.6 ± 5.0 | 0.07 |
| Lymphocytes (1000/μl) | 0.8 ± 0.5 | 1.0 ± 1.9 | 1.38 ± 3.3 | 0.7 |
| Platelets (1000/μl) | 179.7 ± 47.5 | 181.2 ± 62.2 | 201.3 ± 78.6 | 0.3 |
| Neutrophils (%) | 81 ± 11.1 | 76.5 ± 10.1 | 78.5 ± 11.3 | 0.4 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.7 ± 1.8 | 12.6 ± 2.1 | 12.5 ± 2.2 | 0.9 |
| Complications | ||||
| Pneumonia | 5(33%) | 15(39%) | 30(37%) | 0.9 |
| Respiratory failure | 0(0%) | 2(5%) | 6(7%) | 0.5 |
| Pleural effusion | 2(13%) | 2(5%) | 4(5%) | 0.4 |
| Shock | 0(0%) | 2(5%) | 3(4%) | 0.7 |
| Intensive care admission | 1(7%) | 4(10%) | 5(6%) | 0.7 |
| Intubation and mechanical ventilation | 0(0%) | 4(10%) | 3(4%) | 0.2 |
| Mortality | 0(0%) | 1(3%) | 2(2%) | 0.8 |
| Hospitalisation | ||||
| Symptom duration prior to admission (days) | 3.3 ± 3.3 | 3.6 ± 3.1 | 4.1 ± 7.4 | 0.9 |
| Antiviral treatment | 15(100%) | 34(89%) | 80(98%) | 0.09 |
| Symptom duration prior to treatment (days) | 3.9 ± 3.2 | 4.4 ± 2.9 | 5.3 ± 7.8 | 0.7 |
| Hospitalisation duration (days) | 4.3 ± 2.3 | 5.2 ± 5.3 | 5.0 ± 4.8 | 0.8 |
a
Influenza A = A/non-H1N1.