Table 2.
Cladistic classification of the 18 morphological characters assessed.
| Characters | Plesiomorphy | Synapomorphy | Homoplasy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Habit | caespitose | — | creeping |
| Ramicauls | non-proliferating | — | proliferating |
| Ramicauls’ bracts | unornamented-papyraceous | unornamented-foliaceous (Frondaria) | ornamented |
| Inflorescence | simultaneous | — | successively flowering |
| Inflorescence length | * | — | shorter/longer than leaves |
| Flower appearance | fully opening | bud-like (Zootrophion) | — |
| Dorsal sepal concavity | concave | — | flattened |
| Synsepal | * | — | absent/present |
| Sepal shape | ovate-acute | — | oblong-acute/ovate-acuminate |
| Petals shape | dissimilar | subsimilar (Opilionanthe) | — |
| Lip shape | laminar | bilobed (Lepanthes) | — |
| Lip motility | motile | — | sessile |
| Glenion of the lip | absent | present (Lepanthopsis) | — |
| Appendix of the lip | absent | present (Lepanthes) | — |
| Column foot | present | — | absent |
| Stigma shape | entire | bilobed (Lepanthopsis) | — |
| Anther position | ventral | — | dorsal |
| Pollinarium | with caudicles | — | caudicles + viscidium |
Plesiomorphic characters detected with marginal probability at the root state (Table 1) * = ambiguous character at the root state. Synapomorphic and homoplastic characters based on SCM calculations.