Table 3.

Associations between HIV/Syphilis status and demographics, substance use, sexual practices and sexual exposures in MSM in Lebanon.

		HIV		Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis			Syphilis		Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	Co-variable	Number of +cases	%	Crude OR	p-value	Adjusted OR	Confidence Interval	p-value	Number of + cases	%	Crude OR	p-value	Adjusted OR	Confidence Interval	p-value
Age	<20 years	3	3%	1	0.97				1	2%	0.3	0.33	0.3		0.33
	20–24 years	29	24%	1.1	0.8				6	14%	0.2	0.02	0.2	[0.064–0.827]	0.02
	25–29 years	41	34%	1.6	0.34				8	19%	0.3	0.05	0.3		0.05
	30–34 years	31	26%	2.4	0.09				13	30%	0.9	0.98	0.9		0.99
	35–39 years	11	9%	1.5	0.44				11	26%	1.5	0.44	1.5		0.44
	≥40 years	4	3%	ref					4	9%	ref
Nationality	Lebanese	101	85%	1.5	0.3				37	86%	1.1	0.84
	Syrian	10	8%	2.5	0.08				3	7%	1.4	0.65
	Palestenian	2	2%	1.4	0.64				0	0%	0	0.99
	Other	6	5%	ref					3	7%	ref
Source of sexual education	Reliable	20	17%	ref					7	16%	ref
	Various	40	34%	1.3	0.69				12	28%	1.2	0.55
	Unreliable	59	50%	1.1	0.33				24	56%	1.1	0.82
Highest level of education	University	99	83%	ref					35	81%	ref
	School	20	17%	1.6	0.04				8	19%	1.8	0.12
Occupation	Employed	56	47%	ref					23	53%	ref
	Student	51	43%	0.8	0.48				16	37%	0.6	0.21
	Jobless	12	10%	1.2	0.44				4	9%	1	0.96
Recreational drug use	Does not use	77	65%	0.7	0.09				27	63%	0.6	0.2
	Uses	42	35%	ref					16	37%	ref
Cigarette smoking	Does not smoke	76	64%	ref					27	63%	ref
	Smokes	43	36%	1.2	0.21				16	37%	1.3	0.31
Alcohol consumption	Does not consume	28	24%	ref					11	26%	ref
	Consumes	91	76%	0.8	0.4				32	74%	0.7	0.4
Condom-use with partner(s)	Always uses condoms	33	28%	ref					11	26%	ref
	Inconsistant condom use with exclusive partner	11	9%	1.1	0.74				4	9%	1.2	0.73
	Inconsistant condom use with regular partner	15	13%	1.4	0.26				4	9%	1.1	0.84
	Inconsistant condom use with casual partner	60	50%	1.3	0.22				24	56%	1.5	0.22
Reason for testing	Regular check-up	41	34%	ref					11	26%	ref
	Condomless sex or has symptom(s) of STI	78	66%	0.8	0.39				32	74%	1.4	0.27
Number of sexual partners in last 3 months	0 to 1	21	18%	ref					6	14%	ref
	2 to 5	73	61%	1.3	0.51				22	51%	1.3	0.49
	6 to 10	14	12%	1.3	0.42				7	16%	2.3	0.13
	≥11	11	9%	1.2	0.28				8	19%	3.3	0.02
Oral sex exposure in last 3 months	Always used a condom	4	3%	ref					1	2%	ref
	Did not consistently use a condom	115	97%	0.35	0.06				42	98%	0.5	0.57
Anal sex exposre in last 3 months	Always used a condom	27	23%	ref					9	21%	ref
	Did not consistently use a condom	92	77%	1.7	0.03	1.7	[1.1–2.4]	0.03	34	79%	0.5	0.13