Table 2.

Baseline Characteristics of Patients With Infective Endocarditis According to US Geographical Region

	All Regions N=94 350	Northeast N=20 732 (22%)	Midwest N=14 988 (15.9%)	South N=37 695 (40%)	West N=20 935 (22.2%)	P Value
Age, median (IQR)	38 (30–49)	39 (29–48)	40 (30–50)	37 (30–47)	41 (30–51)	<0.001
Male sex, %	55.5	58.8	54.2	53.3	57.2	<0.001
Race, %						<0.001
White	67.8	59.6	69.5	72.9	66.2
Black	18.3	19.6	25.6	18.7	11.5
Hispanic	10.2	14.6	2.3	6.4	17.1
Asian/Pacific Islander/Native American/other	3.8	6.2	2.6	2	5.2
Hypertension, %	24.7	20.8	29	25.3	24.1	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus, %	10.3	8.9	11.3	9.3	12.7	<0.001
Congestive heart failure, %	9.1	7.1	9.8	9	10.6	<0.001
Liver disease, %	18.6	20.9	16.7	16.4	21.4	<0.001
Chronic lung disease, %	16.4	17.4	19.7	15	15.7	<0.001
Renal disease, %	10.3	8.5	12.7	10	10.8	<0.001
Peripheral vascular disease, %	8.2	7	8.9	8.5	8.6	<0.001
Hepatitis C, %	8.2	9.4	8.4	8.3	6.8	<0.001
Human immunodeficiency virus, %	5.5	6.9	4.6	5.7	4.5	<0.001
Alcohol abuse, %	13.6	14.9	14.7	12.2	13.9	<0.001
Median household income national quartile for patient ZIP code, %
0 to 25th percentile	42.4	36.6	45.7	51.3	28.9	<0.001
26th to 50th percentile	25.1	21.6	28.6	25.3	25.5
51st to 75th percentile	19.8	21	17.8	16.2	26.9
76th to 100th percentile	12.7	20.7	7.9	7.2	18.7
Primary expected payer, %
Medicare	14.8	13.2	16.7	14.9	15	<0.001
Medicaid	45.1	56	47.6	36.1	48.7
Private	12.8	12.8	15.1	11.4	13.5
Self‐pay/no charge/other	27.3	18	20.6	37.6	22.9
Organisms, %
Staphylococcus bacteremia	47.2	43	46.8	47.4	51.1	<0.001
Streptococcus bacteremia	13	11.9	12.3	11	11.6
Gram‐negative bacteremia	1.3	0.4	0.5	0.8	0.6
Fungemia	1.9	1.5	1.3	1	0.8
Unknown/other	39	43.2	39.1	39.7	35.8

IQR indicates interquartile range.