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Restricted cubic splines plots showing the relations between ceramide ratio and LVEF, LAEF, global circumferential strain, and LV mass. Shaded areas represent the 95% CIs. The reference value in each panel is set to the median C16:0/C24:0 ratio of 0.07. The yellow hashed line serves as a reference line of “no association.” LAEF indicates left atrial emptying fraction; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.
