Table 4.

Overview of Study Characteristics, Patient Characteristics, and Outcomes for Bone Marrow Stimulation^a

No. of studies	23b
No. of patients	1243
Study type, n
Retrospective case series	12
Randomized controlled trials	3
Retrospective comparative studies	3
Prospective comparative studies	2
Prospective case series	2
Retrospective cohort studies	1
Follow-up duration,c mo	16-144
Defects (n = 1185), n (%)
Primary	1143 (96)
Secondary	42 (4)
Berndt and Harty classification (n = 361), n (%)
Stage I	47 (13)
Stage II	155 (43)
Stage III	119 (33)
Stage IV	40 (11)
RTS rate (n = 389),c mean (95% CI), %	76-100 (67-100)
RTS rate to preinjury level (n = 195),c mean (95% CI), %	18-100 (6-100)
Time to RTS (n = 215),c wk	15-26

^aRTS, return to sports.

^bReferences 6, 15, 17, 18, 20, 26, 29, 35, 38, 41, 43, 47, 54, 58 –60, 69, 75, 76, 85, 88, 92, 94.

^cRange of means of original data.