Table 5.
Questionnaires utilized in recent wearable-based AR field studies. Abbreviations: Number of Items (I), Big Five Inventory (BFI), Photo Affect Meter (PAM), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), PHQ-9, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Self-Assessment Manikins (SAM), Stress Response Inventory (SRI), Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
| Questionnaires Employed Prior or After the Study. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goal | Tool and Description | I | Source | Example Use |
| Stress level | PSS: subject’s perception and awareness of stress | 10 | Cohen et al. [123] | Sano and Picard [92] |
| SRI: score severity of stress-related symptoms within time interval | 22 | Koh et al. [124] | Kim et al. [82] | |
| Depression level | PHQ-9: score DSM-IV manual | 9 | Kroenke et al. [125] | Wang et al. [9] |
| Loneliness level | UCLA loneliness scale: addressing loneliness and social isolation. | 20 | Russell [126] | Wang et al. [9] |
| Sleep behaviour and quality | PSQI: Providing information about sleep quality | 19 | Buysse et al. [127] | Sano and Picard [92] |
| Measure suc-cess areas | Flourishing scale: measure success, self-esteem, purpose and optimism | 8 | Diener et al. [128] | Wang et al. [9] |
| Personality traits | BFI: indicating personality traits | 44 | John and Srivastava [129] | Taylor et al. [100], Sano et al. [122] |
| Questionnaires employed in ecological-momentary-assessment (during study). | ||||
| Affect in Valence-arousal space | Mood Map: a translation of the circumplex model of emotion | 2 | Morris and Guilak [130] | Healey et al. [87] |
| SAM | 2 | Morris [38] | Schmidt et al. [64] | |
| Positive and negative affect | Shortened PANAS | 10 | Muaremi et al. [74] | Muaremi et al. [74] |
| Positive Affect of PANAS | PAM: choose one of 16 images, mapped to the valence-arousal space | 1 | Pollak et al. [131] | Wang et al. [9] |
| Subjective mood indicator | Smartphone app querying user’s mood | 8 | HealthyOffice app | Zenonos et al. [29] |
| Stress level assessment | Adaptation of PSS for ambulatory setting | 5 | Hovsepian et al. [95] | Hovsepian et al. [95] |
| Log current Stress Level | 1 | Gjoreski et al. [13] Hernandez et al. [88] |
Gjoreski et al. [13] Hernandez et al. [88] |
|
| Severity of panic attack symptoms | Symptoms from the DSM-IV and Panic Disorder Severity Scale standard instrument | 15 | Shear et al. [132] | Rubin et al. [121] |