Table. Participant Demographic and Clinical Characteristics.
| Chracteristica | Participants, No. (%) (N = 52) |
|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 76.6 (7.4) |
| Female | 27 (51.9) |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| White | 46 (88.5) |
| African American | 4 (7.7) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 2 (3.8) |
| Diagnosis | |
| Alzheimer disease | 21 (40.4) |
| Cerebrovascular dementia | 4 (7.7) |
| Dementia with Lewy bodies | 5 (9.6) |
| Parkinson disease dementia | 1 (1.9) |
| Frontotemporal dementia | 4 (7.7) |
| Amnestic mild cognitive impairment | 7 (13.5) |
| Nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment | 3 (5.8) |
| Mixed dementia | 7 (13.5) |
| Alzheimer disease and cerebrovascular dementia | 6 (11.5) |
| Hippocampal sclerosis and cerebrovascular dementia | 1 (1.9) |
| Mini-Mental State Examination score, median (IQR) | 24 (18.3-26.8) |
| Time elapsed since Mini-Mental State Examination, median (IQR), mo | 13 (6-20) |
| β-Amyloid deposition, mean (SD), standardized uptake value ratio | 1.2 (0.16) |
| Use of dementia medicationb | 34 (65.4) |
| Sleep characteristics | |
| Latency to sleep, median (IQR), minc | 8.8 (5-18.1) |
| Total nighttime sleep, mean (SD), h | 8.4 (2.3) |
| Nocturnal awakenings, median (IQR), No. | 2 (1-2.5) |
| Difficulty returning to sleep ≥1 d/wkc | 16 (34) |
| Snore | 27 (51.9) |
| Sleep apnea | 11 (21.1) |
| Use of sleep medicationd | 13 (25) |
| Overall nighttime sleep quality score, median (IQR)e | 8 (6-8) |
| Daytime sleepiness score, mean (SD)e | 7.8 (5) |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
Data with normal distributions are reported using mean (SD); data with nonnormal distributions are reported using median (IQR).
Dementia medications include donepezil, rivastigmine, and memantine.
The quality of the data was poor, with no response from more than 10% of participants.
Sleep medications include benzodiazepines, Z-drugs, mirtazapine, trazodone, quetiapine, tricylic antidepressants, first-generation anticholinergics, and melatonin.
Sleep quality and daytime sleepiness scores were assessed via 2 sleep questionnaires that have previously been validated (eAppendix in the Supplement).19,25 Participants rated their sleep quality on a scale of 0 (terrible) to 10 (excellent). A daytime sleepiness score of 10 or greater indicates excessive daytime sleepiness.