Value of the Data •The data serve to quantify the environmental impact of the diet in the consumer domain using highly-disaggregated food consumption data collected at the individual level. Using this consumption-oriented approach allows studying environmental impact of the diet with other diet-related aspects, like dietary quality, food preferences, food affordability, etc. •The data permit comparisons of environmental impact of individual's diets within and between populations, if using comparable dietary assessment methods. •The data provide a basis for new research undertakings that are directed to broadening the understanding of the interrelationships between environment, food, and health.