Table 2.
Clinical characteristics, medications, and blood markers of the study group
| Clinical characteristics | Group I (n = 20) | Group II (n = 20) | Group III (n = 20) | Group IV (n = 18) | P‐valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 48.40 ± 5.384 | 52.10 ± 7.504 | 58.10 ± 5.973 | 56 ± 5.499 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.21 ± 5.60 | 31.22 ± 5.57 | 33.16 ± 5.21 | 30.53 ± 5.75 | 0.012 |
| WHR | 0.85 ± 0.08 | 0.90 ± 0.04 | 0.90 ± 0.04 | 0.88 ± 0.04 | 0.054 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 115.75 ± 13.40 | 131.00 ± 15.77 | 142.00 ± 17.19 | 147.78 ± 17.16 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.25 ± 9.35 | 83.25 ± 8.62 | 90 ± 8.11 | 88.61 ± 7.62 | <0.001 |
| MDRDeGFR (ml/dak/l.73 m2) | 116.45 ± 9.51 | 97.66 ± 35.50 | 90.07 ± 27.43 | 54.58 ± 42.27 | <0.001 |
| Duration of DM (years) | 0 | 6.05 | 9.65 | 10.27 | <0.001 |
| Medications | |||||
| OAD (n) | 0 | 12 | 19 | 14 | |
| Ins (n) | 0 | 8 | 4 | 11 | |
| AH (n) | 0 | 12 | 18 | 18 | |
| AL (n) | 0 | 3 | 9 | 10 | |
| Blood markers | |||||
| F.Glucose (mg/dl) | 96.15 ± 6.52 | 154.35 ± 67.04 | 214.80 ± 103.34 | 171.22 ± 79.75 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 4.095 ± 0.53 | 7.72 ± 1.73 | 8.30 ± 1.86 | 7.62 ± 1.11 | <0.001 |
| T.Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 208.40 ± 37.30 | 209.65 ± 73.47 | 190.05 ± 35.16 | 246.0 ± 68.34 | 0.030 |
| Triglyceride (mg/l) | 113.80 ± 59.64 | 175.70 ± 81.34 | 229.70 ± 191.62 | 343.67 ± 435.14 | 0.001 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 10.50 ± 3.56 | 15.50 ± 11.48 | 15.80 ± 6.61 | 32.05 ± 17.46 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.58 ± 0.04 | 0.83 ± 0.52 | 0.78 ± 0.30 | 1.77 ± 1.12 | <0.001 |
| Protein (g/dl) | 6.98 ± 0.47 | 6.3 ± 0.58 | 6.84 ± 0.50 | 6.61 ± 0.80 | 0.008 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 4.28 ± 0.16 | 4.23 ± 0.28 | 4.37 ± 0.26 | 4.03 ± 0.69 | 0.379 |
| AST (U/l) | 17.05 ± 2.41 | 16.30 ± 5.82 | 17.65 ± 10.41 | 16.22 ± 4.94 | 0.532 |
| ALT (U/l) | 20.15 ± 6.65 | 17.15 ± 9.11 | 19.60 ± 14.0 | 16.33 ± 6.65 | 0.168 |
| Na (mmol/l) | 137.65 ± 1.95 | 136.15 ± 4.15 | 138.05 ± 3.22 | 138.50 ± 4.17 | 0.082 |
| K (mmol/l) | 4.25 ± 0.35 | 4.34 ± 0.33 | 4.61 ± 0.40 | 4.77 ± 055 | 0.001 |
| Cl (mmol/l) | 106.25 ± 1.94 | 103.05 ± 2.46 | 103.80 ± 2.09 | 107.06 ± 4.22 | <0.001 |
Modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) eGFR (ml/dak/l.73 m2) = 186.3 × serum creatinine−1.154 × age (year)−0.203 × 0.742 (for women) formula was used.
BMI (kg/m2), body mass index; WHR, waist‐to‐hip ratio; SBP (mmHg), systolic blood pressure; DBP (mmHg), diastolic blood pressure; OAD, oral antidiabetic; I, insulin; AHT, antihypertensive; AL, antilipid; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase.
a
Kruskal–Wallis test.