Table 3.

Urine parameter values for patient and control groups

Parameter	Group I (n: 20)	Group II (n: 20)	Group III (n: 20)	Group IV (n: 18)	P a
Urine creatinine (mg/dl)					0.001
Mean ± SD	143.03 ± 63.07	154.40 ± 71.78	128.23 ± 69.45	82.77 ± 41.36
Median	115.71	132.03	96.49	67.90
Minimum–maximum	63.81–288.91	46.58–288.51	51.27–286.75	25.39–197.87
Urine microalbumin (mg/l)					<0.001
Mean ± SD	1.33 ± 1.40	1.94 ± 1.41	12.09 ± 8.87	309.67 ± 430.64
Median	0.8	1.7	9.85	164.50
Minimum–maximum	0.5–5.7	0.5–5.7	2.1–32.0	25.6–1 928
UrineMalb/Cre (mg/g)					<0.001
Mean ± SD	8.68 ± 5.73	12.78 ± 7.01	110.74 ± 89.60	4,992.87 ± 7,806.95
Median	6.66	10.47	63.14	2,361.65
Minimum–maximum	3.04–23.33	2.24–29.07	30.53–271.93	347.09–34,851.77
KIM‐1 (ng/ml)					0.035
Mean ± SD	0.70 ± 0.52	1.07 ± 1.21	0.98 ± 0.66	1.77 ± 1.45
Median	0.62	0.46	0.71	1.46
Minimum–maximum	0.156–2.024	0.156–4.129	0.268–2.692	0.189–5.337

UrineMalb/Cre, urine microalbumin/creatinine.

^aKruskal–Wallis test.