Fig. 1.

The protein levels of class I, IIa, IIb, and IV HDAC subtypes are significantly up-regulated in atherosclerotic human carotid arteries. (A-C, G-I) Densitometric analysis showing fold change relative protein expression levels of HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC4, HDAC6, and HDAC11 subtypes in human non-, and atherosclerotic arterial specimens. (D-F, J-L) Representative immunoblots depicting the up-regulation of HDAC protein levels in atherosclerotic tissue derived from human carotid arteries as compared to non-atherosclerotic arterial samples. (M) Representative ultrasound interrogation image in a study patient with severe stenosis of the atherosclerotic carotid artery. ICA: internal carotid artery, ECA: external carotid artery. CCA: common carotid artery. (N, O) Representative images of an atherosclerotic tissue specimen derived from a patient undergoing carotid endarterectomy. n = 4, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. P-values were taken in relation to non-atherosclerotic condition.