Skip to main content
. 2019 Oct 16;10:1292. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01292

Table 1.

Characteristics of the 19 included studies.

Study (years) Species (Sex, n = experimental/control group) Weight Model (method) Anesthetic Treatment group (method to GB) Control group Outcome index (time) Intergroup differences
Zhuang et al., 2017 (1) SD rats (male, 20/20) 220–260 g Block LAD for 30 min then reperfusion Urethane (650 mg/kg) Intraperitoneal injection GB (60 mg/kg*d), once a day, for 7 days, after establishing model Intraperitoneal injection isasteric normal saline, once a day, for 7 days, after establishing model

  1. Infarct size (AAI/LVA)

  2. Apoptosis index

  3. Bcl-2

  4. Bax

  5. Caspase-3

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.01

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.01

  5. P < 0.01
Xiong and Wei, 2015 (2) SD rats (male, 20/20) 250–270 g Block of LAD for 30 min then reperfusion for 48 h 7% chloral hydrate Gavaged with GB (60 mg/kg*d), once a day, for 7 days, before establishing model Gavaged with isasteric normal saline, once a day, for 7 days, before establishing model

  1. Infarct size (AAI/LVA)

  2. EF

  3. FS

  4. Bcl-2

  5. Bax

  6. p-ErK 7.p-JNK

  7. p-p38MAPK

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.01

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.01

  5. P < 0.01

  6. P < 0.01

  7. P < 0.01

  8. P < 0.01
Cao et al., 2016 (3) SD rats (male/female, 10/10) 200–240 g Block LAD for 30 min then reperfusion for 2 h Pentobarbital sodium (45 mg/kg) Tail intravenous injection GB (8 mg/kg), 1 h before establishing model Tail intravenous injection isasteric normal saline, 1 h before establishing model

  1. Infarct size (AAI/LVA)

  2. CK

  3. LDH

  4. SOD

  5. MDA

  1. P < 0.05

  2. P < 0.01

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.01

  5. P < 0.01
Meng, 2017 (4) SD rats (male, 20/20) 220–260 g Block LAD for 30 min then reperfusion Urethane (650 mg/kg) Intraperitoneal injection GB (60 mg/kg*d), once a day, for 7 days, after establishing model Intraperitoneal injection isasteric normal saline, once a day, for 7 days, after establishing model

  1. Infarct size (AAI/LVA)

  2. EF

  3. FS

  4. LVIDd

  5. LVIDs

  6. SV

  7. Apoptosis index

  8. AST

  9. CK

  10. LDH

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.01

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.01

  5. P < 0.01

  6. P < 0.01

  7. P < 0.01

  8. P < 0.01

  9. P < 0.01
Bai et al., 2016 (5) SD rats (male, 20/20) 220–260 g Block LAD for 30 min then reperfusion Urethane (650 mg/kg) Intraperitoneal injection GB (60 mg/d), once a day, for 7 days, after establishing model Intraperitoneal injection isasteric normal saline, once a day, for 7 days, after establishing model

  1. Infarct size (AAI/LVA)

  2. Apoptosis index

  3. SOD

  4. GSH-Px

  5. CAT

  6. MDA

  7. AST

  8. CK

  9. LDH

  10. NF-kB

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.01

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.01

  5. P < 0.01

  6. P < 0.01

  7. P < 0.01

  8. P < 0.01

  9. P < 0.01

  10. P < 0.01
Chai et al., 2018 (6) SD rats (male, 20/20) 220–260 g Block LAD for 30 min then reperfusion for 1 h Urethane (1 g/kg) Intraperitoneal injection GB (60 mg/kg*d), once a day, for 7 days, before establishing model Intraperitoneal injection (18 mg/kg*d) normal saline, once a day, for 7 days, before establishing model

  1. Arrhythmia score

  2. SOD

  3. GSH-Px

  4. MDA

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.01

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.01
Yang et al., 2018 (7) SD rats (male, 7/7) 180–220 g Block LAD for 30 min then reperfusion for 2 h 10% chloral hydrate Intraperitoneal injected with GB (60 mg/kg), 30 min before establishing model Intraperitoneal injection isasteric normal saline, 30 min before establishing model

  1. LVSP

  2. LVDP

  3. +dP/dtmax

  4. –dP/dtmax

  5. Caspase-3

  1. P < 0.05

  2. P < 0.05

  3. P < 0.05

  4. P < 0.05

  5. P < 0.05
Jiao et al., 2002 (8) Wistar rats (male, 12/12) 250–300 g Block LAD for 30 min then reperfusion for 3 h Urethane (1 g/kg) Intraperitoneal injection GB (5 mg/kg), 25 and 10 min before establishing model respectively Intraperitoneal injection isasteric normal saline, 25 and 10 min before establishing model respectively

  1. Infarct size (AAI/AAR)

  2. LVSP

  3. +dP/dtmax

  4. –dP/dtmax

  5. Apoptosis index

  1. P < 0.05

  2. P > 0.05

  3. P < 0.05

  4. P > 0.05

  5. P < 0.05
Rioufol et al., 2003 (9) Farm pigs (male/female, 6/7) 27–28 Kg Block LAD for 10 min then reperfusion for 3 h Pentobarbital (15 mg/kg) Intravenous injection GB (0.3 mg/kg), 48 h and 24 h before establishing model Intravenous injection isasteric normal saline, 48 h and 24 h before establishing model

  1. HR

  2. Mean arterial pressure

  3. Segment shortening

  1. P > 0.05

  2. P > 0.05

  3. P > 0.05
Pei et al., 2015 (10) Wistar rats (male, 10/12) 280–400 g Block LAD for 5 min then reperfusion for 10 min pentobarbitalsodium (4.5 mg/kg) Intravenous injection GB (15 mg/kg), 10 min before establishing model Intravenous injection isasteric normal saline, 10 min before establishing model

  1. LVSP

  2. Arrhythmia score

  3. +dP/dtmax

  4. –dP/dtmax

  5. LDH

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.01

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.01

  5. P < 0.05
Hao et al., 2009 (11) SD rats (male, 7/7) 220–250 g Langendorff Model 30 min stabilization I/R (30 min/120 min) Pentobarbital (150 mg/kg) GB (10uM), for 10 min before ischemia No treatment

  1. Infarct size (AAI/LVA)

  2. HR

  3. LVSP

  4. LVEDP

  5. +dP/dtmax

  6. –dP/dtmax

  7. LDH

  8. Bcl-2

  9. Bax

  1. P < 0.05

  2. P < 0.01

  3. P > 0.05

  4. P > 0.05

  5. P < 0.05

  6. P < 0.05

  7. P < 0.05

  8. P > 0.05

  9. P > 0.05
Hao and Dong, 2017 (12) SD rats (male, 10/10) 350–500 g Langendorff Model 30 min, I/R (30 min/60 min) 1% pentobarbital sodium GB (10 μmol/L), first 10 min of reperfusion No treatment

  1. ΔLVP (LVSP -LVEDP)

  2. +dP/dtmax

  3. –dP/dtmax

  4. LDH

  1. P < 0.05

  2. P < 0.05

  3. P < 0.05

  4. P < 0.05
Hao et al., 2013 (13) SD rats (male, 8/8) 200–250 g Langendorff Model 30 min stabilization I/R (20 min/40 min) 1% pentobarbital sodium GB (10 μmol/L), for 10 min before ischemia No treatment

  1. ΔLVP (LVSP -LVEDP)

  2. +dP/dtmax

  3. –dP/dtmax

  4. HR

  5. LDH

  6. SOD

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.05

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.05

  5. P < 0.01

  6. P < 0.05
Hao et al., 2016 (14) SD rats (male, 10/10) 350–500 g Langendorff Model 30 min stabilization I/R (30 min/90 min) 1% pentobarbital sodium GB (10 μmol/L), first 10 min of reperfusion No treatment

  1. Infarct size (AAI/LVA)

  2. LVSP

  3. LVEDP

  4. +dP/dtmax

  5. –dP/dtmax

  6. LDH

  7. Bcl-2

  8. Bax

  1. P < 0.05

  2. P > 0.05

  3. P < 0.05

  4. P < 0.05

  5. P < 0.05

  6. P < 0.01

  7. P < 0.05

  8. P < 0.05
Liebgott et al., 2000 (15) Wistar rats (male, 12/13) 300–350 g Langendorff Model 30 min stabilization, low-flow ischemia/I/R (10 min/30 min/60 min) Pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg) GB (0.05 μg/ml), last 10 min of perfusion, entire period of low-flow ischemia and the first 10 min of reperfusion No treatment

  1. LVDP

  2. LVEDP

  3. RPP

  4. LVdP/dt

  5. CF

  1. P < 0.02

  2. P < 0.02

  3. P < 0.02

  4. P < 0.02

  5. P < 0.02
Zhao et al., 2014 (16) SD rats (male/female, 10/10) 200–250 g Langendorff Model 30 min stabilization I/R (20 min/40 min) 10% chloral hydrate GB (10 μmol/L), for 10 min before ischemia No treatment

  1. ΔLVP (LVSP -LVEDP)

  2. +dP/dtmax

  3. –dP/dtmax

  4. LDH

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.05

  3. P < 0.01

  4. P < 0.01
Zhang et al., 2005 (17) Wistar rats (male/female, 8/8) 200–250 g Langendorff Model 30 min stabilization, I/R (15 min/30 min) 20% Urethane (1.0 g/kg) GB (10 μmol/L), for 10 min before ischemia No treatment

  1. Arrhythmia score

  2. LDH

  3. CK

  4. SOD

  5. MDA

  1. P < 0.01

  2. P < 0.05

  3. P < 0.05

  4. P < 0.05

  5. P < 0.01
Billottet et al., 2005 (18) Wistar rats (male, 12/12) 300–350 g Langendorff Model 30 min stabilization, low-flow ischemia/I/R (20 min/20 min/60 min) Pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg) GB (0.05 μg/ml), last 10 min of perfusion, entire period of low-flow ischemia and the first 10 min of reperfusion No treatment

  1. LVDP

  2. LVEDP

  3. RPP

  4. LVdP/dt

  5. CF

  1. P < 0.05

  2. P < 0.05

  3. P < 0.05

  4. P < 0.05

  5. P < 0.05
Zhang et al., 2018 (19) SD rats (male, 8/8) 250–300 g Block LAD for 40 min then reperfusion for 2 h Chloral hydrate (300 mg/kg) Intraperitoneal injection GB (32 mg/kg*d), once a day, for 7 days, before establishing model Intraperitoneal injection isasteric normal saline, once a day, for 7 days, after establishing model

  1. Infarct size (AAI/AAR)

  2. histopathological scores

  3. PMNs

  4. TNF-α,

  5. IL-6

  6. MPO

  1. P < 0.05

  2. P < 0.05

  3. P < 0.05

  4. P < 0.05

  5. P < 0.05

  6. P < 0.05

AAI, Area at infarct; AAR, area at risk; AST, aspartate transaminase; Bax, Bcl-2-Associated X; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma-2; CAT, catalase; CK, creatine kinase; EF, ejection fraction; ErK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; FS, fractional shorting; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase; HR, heart rate; IL-6, interleukin-6; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LVA, left ventricular area; LVDP, left ventricular developed pressure; LVEDP, left ventricular end diastolic pressure; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LVIDd, left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole; LVIDs, left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole; LVSP, Left ventricular systolic pressure; MDA, malondialdehyde; MPO, myeloperoxidase; ±dp/dtmax, Maximal rate of the increase/decrease of left ventricular pressure; p38MAPK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; NF-kB, Nuclear factor-kappa B; PMNs, polymorphonuclears; RPP, rate pressure pruduct; SOD, superoxide dismutase; SV, stroke volume; SD rats, Sprague-Dawley; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.