Table 4.
Linear mixed-effects Model 3 results quantifying the impact of vowel on the linear relationship between subglottal pressure (Ps) and accelerometer (ACC) signal magnitude.
| Condition | Estimate ± SE | Estimate ± SE wrt /a/ | df | p | r |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Females | |||||
| Intercept | |||||
| /a/ | −.70 ± .11 | — | — | — | — |
| /i/ | — | .08 ± .03 | 1667.43 | .001* | .08 |
| /u/ | — | .04 ± .03 | 1657.69 | .012* | .06 |
| Slope | |||||
| ACC × /a/ | .61 ± .04 | — | — | — | — |
| ACC × /i/ | — | −.04 ± .01 | 1667.17 | .001* | .08 |
| ACC × /u/ | — | −.02 ± .01 | 1667.45 | .001* | .08 |
| Males | |||||
| Intercept | |||||
| /a/ | −.80 ± .17 | — | — | — | — |
| /i/ | — | .41 ± .02 | 1112.80 | < .001* | .47 |
| /u/ | — | .35 ± .02 | 946.40 | < .001* | .42 |
| Slope | |||||
| ACC × /a/ | .66 ± .04 | — | — | — | — |
| ACC × /i/ | — | −.15 ± .01 | 1113.20 | < .001* | .42 |
| ACC × /u/ | — | −.13 ± .01 | 1112.37 | < .001* | .37 |
Note. For the vowel /a/ reference condition, the estimates of interceptand slope are shown. For the vowels /i/ and /u/, the estimates of intercepts and slopes are shown with reference to (wrt) those for vowel /a/. The standard error (SE), degrees of freedom (df), p value, and effect size (r) are reported for each estimate. A base 10 logarithmic transformation was computed for Ps and ACC values. The values in the /i/ and /u/ estimate columns are in reference to the associated /a/ estimate values. Em dashes indicate data not applicable.
*
p < .0125.