Table III.
Multivariate adjusted1 associations of dietary indices and serum reproductive hormone concentrations (n = 209) reported as percentage (%) difference (only for FSH and estradiol) or untransformed model coefficients, with 95%CI.
| Range for each quartile of index | LH (IU/L) | FSH (IU/L) | Estradiol (pmol/L) | Calculated Free testosterone (pmol/L) | Total testosterone (nmol/L) | Inhibin B (pg/mL) | SHBG (nmol/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AHEI-2010 | |||||||
| Q1 (34–50) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Q2 (51–56) | −0.03 -(0.69; 0.64) | −18.7% (−40.3; 2.8%) | 2.0% (−9.3; 13.3%) | −6.2 (−74.7; 62.2) | −0.61 (−3.3; 2.0) | 15.4 (−14.8; 45.6) | −1.2 (−5.4; 3.0) |
| Q3 (57–62) | 0.15 (−0.50; 0.80) | −0.2% (−20.9; 21.3%) | 4.9% (−6.2; 15.9%) | −18.6 (−86.3; 49.1) | 0.02 (−2.6; 2.6) | 11.1 (−18.4; 40.7) | 1.2 (−2.9; 5.3) |
| Q4 (63–80) | 0.11 (−0.55; 0.76) | 2.0% (−19.2; 23.1%) | −0.5% (−11.6; 10.5%) | −4.1 (−71.3; 63.1) | 0.06 (−2.6; 2.5) | 7.4 (−22.2; 37.0) | 0.34 (−3.8; 4.5) |
| Ptrend | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.94 | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.70 | 0.61 |
| rMED | |||||||
| Q1 (1–7) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Q2 (8–9) | 0.28 (−0.35; 0.90) | 10.1% (−10.0; 30.2%) | −6.1% (−16.6; 4.4%) | −39.1 (−103; 24.9) | −1.7 (−4.2; 0.8) | −7.2 (−35.6; 21.1) | −1,3 (−5.2; 2.7) |
| Q3 (10–11) | −0.22 (−0.83; 0.39) | −3.2% (−22.9; 16.5%) | −9.5% (−19.8; 0.80%) | −47.7 (−110; 14.6) | −1.2 (−3.6; 1.3) | 0.35 (−27.4; 28.1) | 1.5 (−2.3; 5.4) |
| Q4 (12–15) | 0.43 (−0.25; 1.1) | 29.1% (7.2; 51.0%) | 4.3% (−7.1; 15.7%) | 39.4 (−29.7; 109) | 0.93 (−1.8; 3.6) | −26.1 (−56.9; 4.7) | −1.3 (−5.6; 3.0) |
| Ptrend | 0.54 | 0.07 | 0.97 | 0.69 | 0.77 | 0.20 | 0.93 |
| DASH | |||||||
| Q1 (10–19) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Q2 (20–22) | −0.24 (−0.95; 0.47) | 5.4% (−18.0; 28.8%) | −12.3% (−24.3; −0.30%) | −59.4 (−133; 13.8) | −2.2 (−5.0; 0.63) | −6.0 (−38.2; 26.4) | 0.68 (−3.8; 5.2) |
| Q3 (23–27) | 0.15 (−0.58; 0.88) | 3.0% (−21.0; 26.9%) | −0.70% (−13.0; 11.5%) | −30.4(−105; 44.6) | −1.1 (−3.6; 1.8) | −19.0 (−52.1; 14.1) | 0.34 (−4.2; 5.0) |
| Q4 (28–37) | −0.06 (−1.1; 0.95) | 0.5% (−32.7; 33.8%) | −5.4% (−22.4; 11.7%) | −13.5 (−117; 90.4) | −0.56 (−4.6; 3.5) | −30.0 (−76.0; 16.0) | 0.12 (−6.3; 6.6) |
| Ptrend | 0.82 | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.17 | 0.96 |
1Adjusted for calories intake (kcal/day), physical activity (h/week) and time to blood sampling (min). Percentage (%) change shows natural logarithm values back-transformed to improve interpretability, and untransformed model coefficients shows the mean difference in percentage points between the hormone values in a given dietary index quartile (second, third, or fourth) and the reference group (first quartile). SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin; AHEI-2010, Alternate Healthy Index 2010; rMED, Relative Mediterranean Diet Score; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.