TABLE 2.
Identification of potential T. rubrum ABC transporters involved in azole resistance
| Locus name by organism | Transporter name(s)/synonyms | Resistance(s)or substrate informationa | PMID (reference) | T. rubrum homologsc | Protein sequence identity, length of identical parts of proteins (aa)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. fumigatus | |||||
| AFUA_3G07300 | atrI | ITC, VRC | 26933209 (21) | TERG_02508 (TruMDR1) | 58.6, 1,445 |
| AFUA_1G14330 | abcC/abcG1/cdr1B/atrE | ITC, VRC, POS | 16622700 (22), 23580559 (36), 22509997 (75) | TERG_02186 (TruMDR3), TERG_02508 (TruMDR1) | 61.7, 1,084; 50.8, 1,404 |
| AFUA_2G15130 | abcA_2 | FLC | 24123268 (76), 23796749 (77) | TERG_02186 (TruMDR3), TERG_02508 (TruMDR1) | 71.5, 1,085; 50.8, 1,404 |
| AFUA_5G06070 | mdr1/abcA | VRC induced | 16622700 (22) | TERG_08613 (TruMDR2), TERG_08693, TERG_00402, TERG_08751, TERG_04952 (TruMDR5), TERG_08591 | 68.5, 1,318; 50.1, 1,032; 49.1, 434; 41.7, 1,349; 40.7, 995; 38.7, 1,349 |
| AFUA_6G03470 | fmpD | Fumipyrrole | 25582336 (78) | TERG_08613 (TruMDR2) | 44.1, 1,279 |
| AFUA_1G17440 | abcA | Azoles (predicted) | 12172968 (79) | TERG_02186 (TruMDR3) | 57.0, 1,074 |
| AFUA_1G10390 | abcB | VRC induced | 16622700 (22) | TERG_01443 | 59.3, 933 |
| AFUA_1G12690 | mdr4 | VRC | 21321135 (25) | TERG_07801 (TruMDR4) | 60.0, 1,317 |
| AFUA_7G00480 | abcE | VRC induced | 16622700 (22) | TERG_08751, TERG_04952 (TruMDR5) | 53.8, 1,269; 39.2, 936 |
| AFUA_6G04360 | atrF | VRC | 26933209 (21) | —d | |
| C. albicans | |||||
| CAALFM_C603840CA | SNQ2 | Benomyl induced | 15273122 (66) | TERG_02508 (TruMDR1) | 42.8, 1,397 |
| CAALFM_C305220WA | CDR1 | FLC | 8585712 (34) | TERG_02186 (TruMDR3) | 45.3, 1,409 |
| CAALFM_C304890WA | CDR2 | Various azoles | 9043118 (35) | TERG_02186 (TruMDR3) | 44.7, 1,372 |
| CAALFM_C108070WA | CDR4 | Not FLC, CAS induced | 9767132 (80), 15917516 (81) | TERG_02186 (TruMDR3) | 45.3, 1,463 |
| C. glabrata | |||||
| CAGL0I04862g | SNQ2 | FLC | 18312269 (82) | TERG_02508 (TruMDR1) | 40.6, 1,495 |
| CAGL0M01760g | CDR1 | FLC | 11257032 (36) | TERG_02186 (TruMDR3) | 40,3, 1,506 |
| CAGL0M01760g | PDH1/CDR2 | FLC | 11257032 (36) | TERG_02186 (TruMDR3) | 45.3, 1,408 |
a
Compounds that are found to be substrates or to induce gene expression and those that are not substrates are indicated. ITC, itraconazole; VRC, voriconazole; FLC, fluconazole; POS, posaconazole; CAS, caspofungin. A. fumigatus abcA has been predicted to transport azoles by similarity but targeted disruption experiments did not confirm it.
b
aa, amino acids.
c
The efflux pumps conferring drug resistance are named between parentheses and highlighted in bold.
d
No homolog of A. fumigatus atrF has been found in T. rubrum.