Fig. 3.

Inhibitory effect of EtOH extracts of Rosa gallica petals on sUV-induced MMP-1 expression. Each extract was allowed to react with the cells for 1 h and sUV (solar UV) was irradiated (NC, negative control). After 48 h of sUV exposure, the media and cell lysate were collected. Specific primary antibody against MMP-1 was used for MMP-1 protein detection in cell lysate (A). Detailed procedure was represented in Materials and methods. The MMP-1 production level in cultured media was evaluated by using ELISA kit for detection active MMP-1 (B). Data represent 3 independent experiments, which gave similar results. The (##) sign indicates a significant (p < 0.001) increase, and (**) indicates a significant (p < 0.001) decrease