TABLE 2.

Results from the statistical models evaluating the effect of time for the HDBR + CO₂ and HDBR groups, and the group × time interaction.

		HDBR + CO2		HDBR		Both
		Time		Time		Group × time
Cognitive tests		β	Sig.	β	Sig.	β	Sig.
DSS	Time (s)	–0.81	< 0.001	–0.22	0.06	0.59	< 0.05
Pegboard	Time (s)	–0.04	0.52	–0.05	0.06	<0.01	0.88
Cube rotation	Time (s)	–0.01	0.18	–0.01	< 0.001	<0.01	0.79
Cube rotation	% correct	–0.15	0.15	–0.02	0.70	0.13	0.22
Card rotation	Time (s)	–0.30	< 0.01	–0.06	< 0.01	0.14	0.27
Card rotation	% correct	0.11	< 0.05	–0.01	0.86	–0.12	0.17
Card rotation	% completed	0.16	< 0.05	0.07	0.07	0.16	0.05
RFT	Constant error	0.02	0.68	0.02	0.23	<0.01	0.99
RFT	Frame effect	–0.03	0.49	–0.02	0.21	0.01	0.77
RFT	Variability	–0.03	0.05	0.01	0.28	0.04	< 0.05
Button press	Time (s)	<0.01	0.27	<0.01	0.10	<0.01	0.09
Button press	% correct	<0.01	0.90	0.03	0.16	0.04	0.46
Counting	% correct	0.25	0.11	0.13	< 0.05	–0.12	0.46
Button press, dual	Time (s)	<0.01	0.32	<0.01	0.18	<0.01	0.14
Button press, dual	% correct	–0.04	0.58	0.04	0.24	0.07	0.33
Counting, dual	% correct	–0.25	0.38	0.12	0.17	0.34	0.19
SWM control	% correct	0.10	0.18	0.15	0.11	0.06	0.76
SWM rotation	% correct	–0.03	0.76	0.08	0.10	0.11	0.31
Sensorimotor tests
FMT total	Time (s)	0.15	< 0.01	0.05	< 0.001	–0.10	< 0.05
FMT 1st half	Time (s)	0.06	<0.01	0.02	< 0.001	–0.04	< 0.05
FMT 2nd half	Time (s)	0.09	< 0.01	0.03	<0.001	–0.06	< 0.05
PGEC	EQ	–0.07	0.22	–0.12	< 0.001	–0.05	0.48
PG ECDHT	EQ	–0.07	0.11	–0.28	< 0.001	–0.22	0.14

Significant p values are highlighted in bold font. HDBR + CO₂ analyses were controlled for age and sex; HDBR analyses were controlled for age and exercise and the group × time analyses were controlled for age, sex and exercise status. DSS, digit symbol substitution test; RFT, rod and frame test; SWM, spatial working memory; FMT, functional mobility test; PG, posturography test; EC, eyes closed; ECDHT, eyes closed with dynamic head tilts; EQ, equilibrium score.