Table 1.
Description of the study participants categorized by BMI.
| Overweight/Obese | Lean | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | PCOS | P-value | Control | PCOS | P-value | |
| N | 33 | 42 | 28 | 29 | ||
| Age (year) | 32.52 ± 4.09 | 31.43 ± 3.28 | 0.206 | 32.00 ± 2.72 | 30.72 ± 3.01 | 0.099 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.57 ± 2.37 | 26.36 ± 1.86 | 0.111 | 20.58 ± 1.41 | 21.19 ± 1.62 | 0.133 |
| Mannose (ng/mL) | 178.32 (142.37–276.02) | 280.77 (202.21–392.25) | 0.001 | 188.16 (141.37–224.51) | 245.36 (185.74–339.64) | 0.004 |
| Total testosterone (nM) | 1.42 (1.01–1.91) | 2.20 (1.84–2.61) | 0.001 | 1.47 (1.20–1.90) | 2.22 (1.80–2.79) | 0.001 |
| Free testosterone (nM) | 0.017 (0.014–0.024) | 0.026 (0.020–0.032) | 0.001 | 0.019 (0.012–0.023) | 0.030 (0.022–0.039) | 0.005 |
| SHBG (nM) | 52.69 (31.86–87.22) | 30.47 (20.68–50.43) | 0.004 | 60.70 (34.45–110.50) | 53.89 (31.48–80.22) | 0.615 |
| DHEAS (nM) | 3190.40 (1624.55–4403.42) | 4104.39 (3068.61–6063.29) | 0.006 | 2540.31 (1708.84–4305.06) | 5489.75 (3367.46–7874.31) | 0.001 |
| AMH (pmol/L) | 16.07 (10.60–38.27) | 60.01 (47.57–98.26) | 0.001 | 26.28 (19.14–43.64) | 62.83 (41.20–86.86) | 0.001 |
| FSH (IU/L) | 7.93 ± 4.19 | 6.11 ± 1.59 | 0.012 | 7.42 ± 2.40 | 6.88 ± 2.28 | 0.392 |
| LH (IU/L) | 4.03 (2.95–5.02) | 10.59 (6.99–14.17) | 0.001 | 5.10 (4.00–7.12) | 13.44 (9.46–21.99) | 0.001 |
| Estradiol (nM) | 0.16 ± 0.07 | 0.24 ± 0.13 | 0.003 | 0.21 ± 0.15 | 0.27 ± 0.16 | 0.139 |
| Prolactin (ng/mL) | 10.75 ± 3.92 | 11.03 ± 7.22 | 0.841 | 12.50 ± 4.25 | 11.53 ± 5.38 | 0.450 |
| TSH (μIU/mL) | 1.77 (1.47–2.82) | 1.96 (1.11–2.54) | 0.623 | 1.90 (1.25–2.88) | 2.10 (1.18–2.81) | 0.943 |
| FPG (mM) | 5.10 ± 0.37 | 5.07 ± 0.38 | 0.778 | 5.00 ± 0.34 | 5.03 ± 0.37 | 0.802 |
| FI (mIU/L) | 12.50 (9.40–15.70) | 15.30 (11.38–19.55) | 0.046 | 8.80 (6.70–10.88) | 8.90 (5.30–10.55) | 0.565 |
| HOMA-IR | 3.15 ± 1.87 | 3.61 ± 1.56 | 0.243 | 2.09 ± 0.93 | 1.91 ± 0.86 | 0.439 |
| QUICKI | 0.33 ± 0.02 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.120 | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.458 |
| TC (mM) | 4.38 ± 0.77 | 4.86 ± 0.67 | 0.005 | 4.54 ± 0.61 | 4.57 ± 0.76 | 0.844 |
| LDL-C (mM) | 2.74 ± 0.82 | 3.02 ± 0.55 | 0.086 | 2.69 ± 0.56 | 2.65 ± 0.64 | 0.811 |
| HDL-C (mM) | 1.22 (1.08–1.43) | 1.11 (0.93–1.31) | 0.096 | 1.49 (1.30–1.77) | 1.30 (1.13–1.49) | 0.042 |
| Triglycerides (mM) | 1.27 (0.66–1.56) | 1.40 (1.00–2.13) | 0.123 | 0.87 (0.59–1.08) | 0.87 (0.54–1.54) | 0.376 |
BMI, body mass index; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; AMH, anti-Müllerian hormone; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; FI, fasting serum insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; QUICKI, quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) are shown. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for non-normal distribution data and Student's t test was used for normal distribution data.