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. 2019 Aug 13;8(11):1170–1179. doi: 10.1002/sctm.19-0002

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© 2019 The Authors. stem cells translational medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Engrafted human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) produce hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Retinoic acid (RA) was used to induce myelomeningocele in rats and hAFSCs‐treatment was performed. (A): RT‐qPCR analysis of growth factor levels in the exposed spinal cord. Results are presented as mean ± SD; *, p < .05 compared with control. (B): Representative images of STEM121 and HGF double staining (×40; scale bars: 500 μm). (C): Representative images of c‐Met and phosphorylated c‐Met staining of spinal cross‐sections in RA group and RA + hAFSC group (×40; scale bars: 500 μm). Images are representative of at least three independent experiments.