Table 1.
Clinical and Demographic Variables in SSD Patients With (n = 25) and Without (n = 22) Catatonia According to the Northoff Catatonia Rating Scale
| Patients with catatonia (n = 25) | Patients without catatonia (n = 22) | T a | Df a | Sig. (2-tailed)a | |
| Age | 39.12 ± 11.42 | 40.18 ± 11.83 | –0.313 | 85 | 0.756 |
| Gender (m/f)b | 14/11 | 11/11 | — | 1 | 0.681 |
| Education (years) | 13.4 ± 2.36 | 13.32 ± 3.3 | 0.919 | 85 | 0.361 |
| Olanzapine equivalents | 17.49 ± 8.17 | 16.38 ± 10.54 | 0.406 | 45 | 0.687 |
| Duration of illness (years) | 13.68 ± 11.99 | 8.5 ± 9.54 | 1.623 | 45 | 0.112 |
| PANSS total score | 81.24 ± 21.48 | 60.09 ± 20.34 | 3.451 | 45 | <0.001 |
| PANSS positive score | 19.04 ± 8.57 | 13.95 ± 6.7 | 2.243 | 45 | 0.03 |
| PANSS negative score | 21.26 ± 9.14 | 14.59 ± 7.26 | 3.265 | 45 | 0.009 |
| PANSS global score | 40.92 ± 12.3 | 31.55 ± 10.22 | 2.817 | 45 | 0.007 |
| BPRS | 44.16 ± 14.66 | 33.73 ± 12.17 | 2.632 | 45 | 0.012 |
| GAF | 55.16 ± 14.48 | 74.55 ± 17.38 | –4.17 | 45 | <0.001 |
| SAS total score | 3.24 ± 2.18 | 1.95 ± 1.88 | 2.143 | 45 | 0.038 |
| AIMS total score | 2.2 ± 3.22 | 0.77 ± 2.2 | 1.746 | 45 | 0.088 |
| BARS global score | 1.32 ± 1.6 | 0.45 ± 0.96 | 2.208 | 45 | 0.032 |
| NCRS motor score | 1.8 ± 1.29 | 0 | 7.644 | 45 | <0.001 |
| NCRS affective score | 2.92 ± 1.75 | 0 | 4.397 | 45 | <0.001 |
| NCRS behavior score | 2.2 ± 1.11 | 0 | 11.64 | 45 | <0.001 |
| NCRS total score | 6.88 ± 2.33 | 0 | 11.06 | 45 | <0.001 |
| eTIV (cm3) | 147.21 ± 17.99 | 148.51 ± 25.12 | –0.205 | 45 | 0.838 |
| Total surface area (lh, cm2) | 850.028 ± 76.31 | 854.85 ± 81.5 | –0.199 | 45 | 0.843 |
| Total surface area (rh, cm2) | 857.62 ± 73.04 | 860.34 ± 77.93 | –0.123 | 45 | 0.902 |
Note: PANSS, Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (p = positive, n = negative, g = global); BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning; SAS, Simpson and Angus Scale; AIMS, Abnormal involuntary movement scale; BARS, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale; NCRS, Northoff catatonia rating scale; eTIV, estimated Total Intracranial Volume; lh, left hemisphere; rh, right hemisphere. Data are mean ± standard deviation. Significant results are displayed in bold font.
aThe F and P values were obtained using an independent samples t test.
bThe P values for distribution of gender were obtained by chi-square test.